The Arm/Cartridge Matching Myth


When I began my journey in high-end audio 36 years ago….no-one ever wrote about arm and cartridge matching nor tonearm resonant frequency…?
Over the last 10 years or so…this topic has become not only ubiquitous, but has mutated beyond its definition, to THE guiding principle of matching cartridge to tonearm….❓❗️😵
The Resonant Frequency can be calculated using a complex formula relating Tonearm Effective Mass to the cartridge’s Compliance….or it can be simply measured using a Test record of various frequency sweeps.
The RECOMMENDED Resonant Frequency of any tonearm/cartridge combination is between 8-12Hz.
But WHY is this the recommended frequency and WHAT does it really mean…?

The raison d’etre of this Resonant Frequency…is to avoid WARPED records inducing ‘resonance’ into the tonearm…..
Say what…❓😵
WARPED records….❓❗️
Yes…..ONLY warped records❗️😎
But doesn’t it have any meaning for NORMAL records…❓
None whatsoever…..😊👍
Let me explain….🎼

A badly warped record induces the tonearm to rise and fall rapidly on the ‘sprung’ cantilever of the cartridge.
Depending on the severity and frequency of this warping…..a subsonic frequency between 2-5Hz is induced so if your tonearm/cartridge Resonant Frequency dips into this frequency range….it will begin resonating and thus miss-track and/or induce hum through your system.🎤
Keeping the lower limits of your tonearm/cartridge Resonant Frequency to 8Hz simply insures against this possibility.🎶

So what about the 12Hz upper limit…❓
This simply insures against the possibility of any ultra low-level frequency information which MAY be on the record, also inducing this same miss-tracking or hum. For instance if your tonearm/cartridge Resonant Frequency was 18Hz and you had an organ record or one containing synthesised bass going down to 16Hz…..your tonearm may miss-track or you MAY develop a hum❓😢

So how many badly WARPED record do you possess…❓
I have three out of a thousand or so……and have NEVER experienced miss-tracking or hum even on these three…❗️😍

Yet these days….everyone (without exception it seems)…even tonearm and cartridge designers….happily follow the dictum of this Arm/Cartridge MATCH as if it affected sound quality…..❓
This Resonant Frequency has ZERO affect on the sound quality of a particular tonearm/cartridge combination and I have proved it hundreds of times with a dozen different arms and over 40 cartridges.

The best match for ANY cartridge ever made….is simply the very best tonearm you can afford…whatever its Effective Mass…😘
128x128halcro
I always hesitate in responding to any Post by Raul as it invariably encourages him to continue what he imagines, is an actual dialogue.
This almost always results in bitter and defamatory statements until he has the last word.
So I will not respond to any further attempts on his part to interject himself.
However...I'm actually grateful for his 'reminders' of what others have contributed to this discussion as it confirms what I have postulated from the start:-
  • The Tonearm/Cartridge Resonant Frequency has zero affect on the SOUND of a cartridge
Read very carefully the first quote from Ortofon where there is not a single mention of the affect on the SOUND from the cartridge.
It is all about trackability of WARPED records.
if you stick a high compliance cartridge on to a high mass arm..it will generally work...but tracking anything other than a perfectly flat record will cause undamped vibrations in the arm because the suspension is too soft to recover after a warp
This is not in dispute.....
My opening statement to this Thread states exactly that 🤗

Other quotes by respected individuals like Kirkus and Tonywin also confirm that the issue is purely TRACKABILITY.......no claims regarding the affects on SOUND.
But even Kirkus is sometimes prone to include 'opinion' rather than 'fact'.
Dlaloum and Fleib appear to me to be autodidacts with vast experience but insufficient scientific qualifications.....
However even they make no valid claims about the SOUND of the cartridge......

The consensus is heavily in favour of:-
  • TRACKABILITY
  • SUSCEPTABILITY TO FOOTFALLS
  • SUSCEPTABILITY TO FEEDBACK 
Again, no arguments from me 👍

If anyone does have an issue with 'footfalls', 'trackability', 'woofer-pumping' or 'feedback' it would be worth trying to damp the tonearm and/or lower/increase the Arm/Cartridge Resonant Frequency to see if it helps.

My only caveat here is that this is a 'band-aid' solution to a far greater inherent problem.
If your turntable is not perfectly isolated from Structure-Bourne Feedback between 2Hz-10Hz.....you are likely to experience many other audible problems than 'trackability' 🥴
So now we have most scientists/physicists and importantly.....Ortofon agreeing with my fundamental opening statement
This Resonant Frequency has ZERO affect on the sound quality of a particular tonearm/cartridge combination
So what exactly is the punishment for those audiophiles who ignore the recommended Resonant Frequency Guidelines as I do....?
IF you sometimes play a warped record and IF that record contains subsonic bass information and IF your turntable is mounted on a springy wooden floor and IF you happen to walk on this springy wooden floor when this warped record containing subsonic frequency information is playing.......the cartridge MAY mistrack!!!! 😱
It MAY mistrack.....it's a POSSIBILITY......it's not guaranteed to occur and no-one can tell you the 'likelihood' or 'percentages' because that science has never been studied.
I can tell you it's happened to me ONCE in 40 years with a badly warped record (I only have three out of a thousand).
And guess what......an OUTER PLATTER RING solved the warped record problem 😃
So if that's the 'worst' thing that can happen to me......is it really worth ignoring HALF the cartridges out there because I might have a high-mass tonearm? 
Especially when ALL my high-compliance MM cartridges sound their best in my EXTREMELY high-mass FR-66S tonearm?

I can understand scientists getting excited about the Arm/Cartridge Resonant Frequency.....
It is one of the only true scientific equations which can be tested and proven in the turntable/arm/cartridge assemblage and I think....because of that, they have over-estimated its importance.
But here's the real trick.......
The 8Hz-12Hz part of the story is NOT science.....
Like a magician practicing legerdemain (don't look at my hands)......they slip in the 8Hz-12Hz bit as if it WERE part of the 'Resonant Frequency' science....✋🤚
The 8Hz-12Hz is merely an educated 'Rule-of-Thumb' (that's why Ortofon don't mention it).
There is little SCIENCE behind it.....
It hasn't been tested, studied, verified, quantified nor analysed.

To emphasise the lack of 'real' science behind this subject, it is accepted that science and formulae work in two directions.
If x=2y.....then 2y=x
One must be able to 'reverse-engineer' REAL science.
If an Arm/Cartridge Resonant Frequency of 6Hz or 16Hz is truly a disaster to be avoided.....then science dictates that one must 'recognise' when one HEARS either of these combinations playing.

HERE is my Thread 'Hear My Cartridges 🎶'.....
There are nearly 150 YouTube recordings of dozens of cartridges with 6 different tonearms on two different turntables.
I would estimate there are perhaps 20%-30% recordings with the Arm/Cartridge Resonant Frequency outside the recommended range.
If anyone can accurately pick the recordings and define how far 'above' or 'below' the recommended 8-12Hz Resonant Frequency they are.....I may revise my recommendation to completely ignore this malicious MYTH....🤔