Random Included Record Angles When they Make Records
You play a couple of records from your collection that are the same thickness. They sound different for some reason ? One might be brighter, the other a little warmer and full ?
This was not something I took much notice of many years ago with a very basic TT and tonearm. But as the TT and tonearm got better it became more noticeable.
We hear about how engineers in creating the master disc put their spin on how the records will sound. But how about the physics part of it. In addition to the final engineering differences record masters are cut with random included angles by the cutter. The angle of the cut when the record master is made.
http://www.aardvarkmastering.com/riaa.htmfrom the site
Recording Groove Contour
a. Included angle 90 degrees + 5
b. Bottom radius 0.00025" max.
c. Width--Monophonic .0022"--.0032"
d. Width--Stereophonic, Instantaneous .001" min.
Minimum Inside Diameter of Recording 4 1/4"
Runout of Recording Grooves Relative to Center Hole .050" max.
Notice the record included cut angle standard that was set can be 90 degrees give or take 5 degrees....:^(
So there is no standard.
This is also captured in the ET2 manual and has been mentioned before. Bruce realized the importance of this and the reason he built into his arm VTA on the Fly that does not change parameters when used.
Vertical Tracking Angle Adjustment (VTA) - Page 51 ET2 Pt. 2 manual
"Several articles have appeared which address the area of cartridge performance. Vertical Tracking Angle (VTA) and Stylus Rake Angle (SRA). We have designed the Model 2 tonearm to optimize the vertical tracking angle of the cartridge.
The angle that the cutterhead is placed at when a record is cut results in an included angle in the final disc. This included angle must be duplicated with the reproducing stylus or distortion will result. The problem today lies in standardization of the angle by record manufacturers and corresponding standardization by cartridge manufacturers. Presently most records are cut with resulting vertical angles between 16 and 20 degrees. The average vertical angles of cartridges manufactured today is slightly higher than 22 degrees. The result of this mismatch is less than optimum performance for many cartridges."
Maybe those that use scopes should be pointing the camera - down - to the groove to try to figure out what angle has been used ?
Some ET2 owners I have talked to have locked down (tightened the screws controlling the VTA feature) to make it more rigid?
fwiw - I have sent an email to a couple record pressing plants as I am curious what determines what angle they cut at.
Is it based on temperature, record thickness, condition of stylus cutter ? Will post back what they say ...if they respond.
How important is the VTA adjustment to you ?