Questions:
How much of the the exposed MC cable will be seen in the garage before it enters the wall of dwelling unit?
The living room wall where the outlet will be is directly above the garage door. The cable will run from the ceiling of the garage down a foot or so, then to the left over the pedestrian door, along the wall with the panels, and down to the lower of my two panels (wired together to function as a single panel rather than a main and a sub). Or, it could run across the ceiling, then down to my panel. That'd be a shorter run.
What is the garage wall finish of the wall it will be installed on? Example, wood studs covered by drywall? Cement block? Other?
Wood studs with sheetrock/drywall, with plywood over it where the panels are.
Horizontal elevation off the floor of the MC cable? Distance down from the ceiling?
Is the electrical panel surfaced mounted to the wall?
Vertical length of the MC cable above the electrical panel before it is installed horizontally?
I haven't taken measurements, but you can probably ballpark them from the photos. And yes, surface mounted panel(s).