the sub is connected to the XLRs via adapter and then by RCA cables.
I wouldn’t be surprised if that turns out to be the key to the problem. While the post I made earlier today in
this thread addresses a somewhat different situation, it provides what may very well be relevant background.
The following paragraph in that post may be particularly relevant:
Most XLR-to-RCA (and RCA-to-XLR) adapters short the inverted signal on XLR pin 3 to ground (XLR pin 1), although I believe Cardas can supply adapters on special order that leave pin 3 unconnected. Shorting XLR pin 3 to ground is appropriate when adapting RCA outputs to XLR inputs, and may be appropriate when adapting a transformer-coupled XLR output to an RCA input. However, at best it is poor practice when adapting an actively driven XLR output to an RCA input. And while many and perhaps most components would be able to tolerate that, with some designs shorting that signal to ground may result in major performance issues (see this thread, for example), or conceivably even damage, eventually if not sooner.
The likelihood of a problem arising as a result of shorting an output signal on XLR pin 3 to ground with an adapter figures to generally be greatest when the output impedance of the circuit providing the signal is low. That is the case with your Capri preamp (80 ohms balanced output impedance, presumably corresponding to 40 ohms for each of the two signals in the balanced signal pair). In the case of the thread linked to in the paragraph I quoted above the result was buzzing, but hum seems very conceivable as well.
Regards,
-- Al