Does anyone care to ask an amplifier designer a technical question? My door is open.


I closed the cable and fuse thread because the trolls were making a mess of things. I hope they dont find me here.

I design Tube and Solid State power amps and preamps for Music Reference. I have a degree in Electrical Engineering, have trained my ears keenly to hear frequency response differences, distortion and pretty good at guessing SPL. Ive spent 40 years doing that as a tech, store owner, and designer.
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Perhaps someone would like to ask a question about how one designs a successfull amplifier? What determines damping factor and what damping factor does besides damping the woofer. There is an entirely different, I feel better way to look at damping and call it Regulation , which is 1/damping.

I like to tell true stories of my experience with others in this industry.

I have started a school which you can visit at http://berkeleyhifischool.com/ There you can see some of my presentations.

On YouTube go to the Music Reference channel to see how to design and build your own tube linestage. The series has over 200,000 views. You have to hit the video tab to see all.

I am not here to advertise for MR. Soon I will be making and posting more videos on YouTube. I don’t make any money off the videos, I just want to share knowledge and I hope others will share knowledge. Asking a good question is actually a display of your knowledge because you know enough to formulate a decent question.

Starting in January I plan to make these videos and post them on the HiFi school site and hosted on a new YouTube channel belonging to the school.


128x128ramtubes
"Musicality" term used to express a fatigue free listen . Still as resolving as anything but probably not boosting any frequencies . Hence fatigue free . No distortion as well .
Hi Ramtubes,
In response to my query about damping you asked for a link to Hegel
which is:
 https://www.hegel.com/

You will see they describe what they put into their components,  also when looking up integrated amps, the damping factor is specified eg their starter amp H90 is only 2 x 60 watt in 8ohms but the damping factor is over 2000 therefore capable of handling above average difficult speakers (but not mammoth difficult speakers!) As they quote " The grip, or damping factor as it is called, is up to 20 times higher than the industry average. Ensuring a dynamic and powerful bass response, even on larger floor standing loudspeakers."  
i’m late to thread but have a perplexing question. 
i own an expensive ss amp and leave it on 24/7.
i could turn it off when i’m not going to use it for a few hours as well as overnight. for amp longevity what is best? thanks
Are you familiar with Primare's UFPD power technology? Is it pure Class D or something else?
Ralph, what is OTOH mean? Im a newbee.The cords with diodes make a difference when needed. I think I have been clear and consistant here.

OTOH: On The Other Hand; other slang acronyms you may find handy:
IMO: In My Opinion
IME: In My Experience
IIRC: If I Recall Correctly
YMMV: Your Mileage May Vary
If there are only diodes in the cord, there will be no conduction near the AC crossover point. Electrolytics are thus used as I mentioned prior so that the AC waveform is undistorted. However, it appears you are conflating two different subjects in your comment above.

Your amp draws heaps of current when played hard. Something heavy ga might help a little at full power. At idle Im not so sure. I note the current draw of the M-60 goes up quite a lot at full power testing.

How long can I run an M-60 sinewave at 60 watts into 8 ohms before the tubes get unhappy?
Not very long, but long enough so that organ pedal tones and the like can be reproduced without damage. The tube is linear with grid current.


Is it pure Class D or something else?

It is a good example of class D.