What interests me is that the idea of an overhung pivoted tonearm seems to date back to about 1940, when Lofgren and Baerwald published their solutions to a question which seems to have been how to devise a pivoted tonearm that minimizes tracking angle error. Those gentlemen seem to have approached the problem as a mathematical or geometrical one, purely. And so their papers introduced the idea of having the cartridge overhang the spindle and then twisting the headshell with respect to a straight line emanating from the pivot. They did this work during what was still a very primitive era in home audio. Stereo did not exist, and most disc players were still of the wind-up variety. Many still used wholly mechanical Victrolas. How it came to be that their work, and also Stevenson’s, was universally adopted by tonearm manufacturers over time is something I would like to know more about. I suspect some major players adopted the idea and eventually everyone else followed suit without much further thought or debate. (I am certainly in no position to say, nor would I wish to claim, that the conventional design is all wrong or even that it is not optimal.)
