Ok, I just talked to Mike at Quicksilver and here is what he said:
1. The 5751 can be substituted for the 12AX7, but ONLY in the input position. Using it in the gain position will cause the phono pre to not operate correctly.
2. As I described my issue, he was a little surprised and said that it is an unusual problem to have when using the stock tubes. He went piece by piece through my system checking input/output resistances (all check out). He finally said, "what cables are you running from the turntable into the phono pre?" When I mentioned that I'm still waiting for my Morrow Audio phono cable to arrive, so I'm using a high quality spare RCA that I had lying around for my Reel to Reel across the room, he asked, "across the room? how long is that cable?" 17 ft. Convo stopped there. "oh! the problem is most likely that cable!"
I had no idea how sensitive the MP-500 (and most MM carts) are to cable capacitance. If this turns out to be the problem, I will feel more than a little sheepish. I'll report back, but many thanks for all the replies in any case (I ended up learning a ton about tubes)!