What parts of a TT create soundstage and PRAT ?

I don't know squat about turntables.

I'm trying to get a grasp of what pieces of a turntable are responsible for what.That way when I ask a question and get an answer by you good folks I won't draw blanks in my head when I get a reply.

Such as:

what part is responsible for PRAT?
What part is responsible for soundstage?
What is responsible for clarity?
And on and on and on.

Is there a book I can read?
Is there a magazine article that describes all this?

Try and fill in this blank piece of paper for me.