Hello to all,
I am happy to answer some questions on design. Before that, I need everyone to truly understand the simple difference between the definitions of phase and time coherence.
Please open that earlier link to my illustration, and study the differences between waves combining. Then consider the following:
1) Time coherence-
Send the speaker a 'beep' near the crossover frequency between mid and tweeter.
Unplug the mid.
The beep coming from just the tweeter arrives at the ear 'X' milliseconds after the signal left the tweeter.
Now, turn on the mid; unplug the tweeter.
If the beep from the mid arrives at THAT SAME INSTANT, the mid and tweeter outputs are TIME COHERENT at that one frequency (perhaps not at others).
2) Phase coherence-
The mid's beep arrives at least one FULL cycle later than the tweeter's. Thus, their peaks and valleys still line up, making the two drivers IN PHASE. Yet they are not time coherent since the two beeps' beginnings and endings did not line up.
Any decent speaker is PHASE COHERENT. If not, cancellations occur at its crossover points. To market that a speaker is 'phase coherent' or 'phase linear' is only a 'feel good', to impress those who know little of speaker design.
Referring to my illustration, note that a time-coherent speaker is automatically phase coherent. It is redundant to write that a speaker is "time- and phase-coherent."
A speaker that is 'phase coherent' or 'linear phase' you can bet is not time coherent. Several speakers companies claim to make time coherent designs, but Stereophile tests reveal those claims to be completely false.
By the way, metal dome tweeters are no lighter than soft-dome tweeters. Visit Madisound.com to examine the specs of the best tweeters for yourself.
There are other misunderstandings I would like to address, but first, everyone must have a clear understanding of what IN PHASE means versus what TIME COHERENT means (hint- the latter always involves a stopwatch). For your own edification, I strongly suggest all of you discuss some examples such as:
Two cars traveling along the highway, one always fifty feet behind the other. As they travel, their RELATIVE phase is UNCHANGING (their phase relationship remains CONSTANT).
Two cars start off at the same instant, and travel along side by side. They are again in phase, since their relative positions are unchanging, and they are also now time-coherent.
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Two bicyclists crank their pedals at the same RPM, in the same gear. Thus, they travel at the same speed.
But notice when one rider's pedals are UP and DOWN, the other rider's are always in some other position. Because both riders' RPMs are staying constant, the pedals' RELATIVE PHASE remains constant. But these two sets of pedals are not "IN PHASE" with each other, since their peaks and valleys (their ups and downs) are not happening at the same time.
Time coherence, at its most fundamental, is about beginnings and endings lining up. Phase is only about peaks and valleys of any REPETITIVE cycles lining up. Music has BOTH characteristics.
Hope this helps.
Best,
Roy
Green Mountain Audio