They don't wear out but can lose capacitance sitting idle. However, once you start to use them again the capacitance builds back up.
A cap that has been sitting with no charge for too long can short out if you apply full voltage all at once. This is especially true for old caps in tube amps because they have a relatively high voltage across them. This is why you see the recommendation to form these capacitors by slowly bringing up the voltage across them when turned on for the first time after a long period of being off.
A cap that has been sitting with no charge for too long can short out if you apply full voltage all at once. This is especially true for old caps in tube amps because they have a relatively high voltage across them. This is why you see the recommendation to form these capacitors by slowly bringing up the voltage across them when turned on for the first time after a long period of being off.