I recently upgraded to the Pro-Ject RPM 1 Carbon and have had the Debut in my system so in answer to your question, yes, upgrading to the RPM 1 would be a huge improvement. The rim belt drive with decoupled DC motor is much quieter than the Debut and the speed is more accurate. The inverted ceramic bearing is far smoother and quieter; the arm is much, much better and can handle higher-end MC and MM carts and the magnetic anti-skate is fantastic.
I've owned many turntables including Pro-Ject, Music Hall and lots and lots of vintage direct drives and the RPM 1 is by far the best. It is dead quiet, has great PRAT and is a joy to use and to look at. Mine is piano black but I was sorely tempted to get the Ferrari red just because it is so drop-dead cool. I come from an engineering and manufacturing background and the design and materials used in the RPM 1 are top-notch and really must be seen and used in order to appreciate the technology involved.
I've been spinning vinyl for decades and feel that a $500 table like the RPM1 is as good or better than many of the the top TT's from a decade ago. Pair the RPM 1 with a good phono stage (I'm using the amazing ifi iphono) and some decent interconnects and you can stop worrying about upgrades and just enjoy the music.