Think about it. If older versions of Windows were re-sampling data packets traveling over a network, then all data would be adulterated or corrupted whether it be a picture, music, excel spreadsheet etc. Because Windows, or any operating system, does not have the ability to distinguish the contents of a data packet, how would it be able to single out audio packets and re-sample them? The only thing that windows looks at in a data packet is the header information to determine where a packet came from, where it's going and the checksum to determine if it was corrupted during it's journey.
Now, you can get third party software that will do deep packet inspection, but even the best versions have very low levels of accuracy. The RIAA, and ISP's, have been doing trials with deep packet inspection software with poor results. In order to get high accuracy rates, they really need to capture the whole file being transferred, determine the type of file and if it's legitimate or illegal, and then either allow or stop the transfer.