How do they MIC a symphony?


I'm not a big classical fan but what I like I love. Mostly I'm into solos but I just listened to the Classic 45 series of Beethoven's "Violin Concerto (in D)" - Heifetz/Munch with the Boston Symphony and the recording was incredibly airy. I thought there was static on the LP at first but then I realized it was the rustling of a shirt and the whistling of a nose from (I assume) the conductor breathing and since many instruments were playing I'm assuming it wasn't from a single musician (unless a very overweight triangle player.) Whoa! (Am i hearing things, btw?)

I've heard similar personal sounds on Beehoven's "Moonlight Sonata" (Serkin) and Bach's 6 suites for cello (Casals) but these are solo pieces and the sound was coming from the players which makes sense.

How do they mic a live symphony? How do they mic a recorded one? Where do the engineers try to place the home audience?

Hope those questions aren't too basic but I'm fascinated by this now and would love to know.

Thanks
kublakhan
Well, there was a lot of ambient noise at my house last night (the Newark flight path was over my house last night, it seemed), but I think you're hearing Heifetz breathing. You can also hear some of the orchestra's sheet music being turned at one point, I think.

Slipknot's right about the Water Lily recording, it's a very minimalist recording that sounds very realistic, although to hear it at its best you need to have your speakers at a 90 degree angle to each other or something like that, and don't expect to hear any hall sound (not at all the recording's fault, the venue is as dry a hall as there is). Of the current recording philosophies, I like Delos's best, as I am a fan of their chief recording engineer John Eargle and his work--he does use a few spot mikes, but mixes them in very unobtrusively. Other current classical recording engineers whose work I think is top-notch are Tony Faulkner, Peter McGrath and Michael Bishop (plus the person responsible for the latest SFO recordings), as they seem to have a very good sense of how to make an orchestra sound like you'd hear it in concert. And of course, the great recording teams of the past, Mohr/Layton for RCA, Cozart/Fine for Mercury, and Wilkerson for Decca, all made great-sounding classical recordings. There is no one way to make a recording of an orchestra, as all of these folks use different techniques, but they all have results that are satisfying.
Of course you intended to type "Wilkinson" of Decca, as in Kenneth Wilkinson. Great listing of superb recording engineers.
I am a terrible typist, you are of course correct. Maybe I was thinking of Bobby Wilkerson, the forward on that Indiana national basketball championship team that beat my beloved alma mater in 1976?
Multimicing saves money for the recording company because various screwups that ought to be corrected, and the music replayed, can be patched up (sort of) in the mixing process. It costs a fortune to "rent" an orchestra, so you want to get it done ASAP.

The ultimate multimic situation occurs when one musician isn't even playing at the same time and place as the rest of them. For example, if the concert hall does not have an organ, this part can be dubbed in later by an organist wearing earphones.

The sound tack of the movie "Sweet Dreams" (life of singer Patsy Cline) is interesting. Patsy was in a sound isolation booth (with earphones) when she sang, so her voice is on a completely separate track of the master tape. This made it possible to mix her in with better audio quality accompaniment than that on her original records.