As noted above, your Ayre Codex DAC will sound much better when you use its balanced XLR outputs. Does your preamp have balanced inputs?
In addition, please confirm your Codex DAC is set to operate as a DAC and not a preamp/DAC. I assume you are doing this but I have to ask. Your post states you are using a preamp.
In addition, please confirm your Codex DAC is set to operate as a DAC and not a preamp/DAC. I assume you are doing this but I have to ask. Your post states you are using a preamp.