10 Audio Cable Myths and Facts



In a sea of audio cable industry snake oil, we’re sure you’re wondering, What really matters when buying cables?Save your money by avoiding overpriced cables with outlandish claims. Below are some common myths to look out for and some important things to consider when buying audio cables.
 
CABLE MYTHS1. Conductor skin effect

In some applications like power transmission lines, an electric signal tends to travel through the surface of a conductor and avoids traveling through the center of the conductor. Many cable companies claim that their design limits the skin effect and measurably improves your sound.

The TruthWhile skin effect is a very real issue for large scale power transmission, audio signals are in such a low-frequency range that the skin effect is negligible at best. The skin effect is only an issue in high-frequency applications. 20kHz is the highest frequency that humans can hear. If we calculate the skin effect on a 12 AWG speaker cable like Gene from Audioholics does in this article, we find that the skin effect results in a loss of only -.014dB. Your speakers, room acoustics, and the human ear have a much larger effect on your sound than the skin effect.
2. Cable break-in

Don’t be fooled - any company that claims this thinks they can trick you into hearing better sound after a month or two. “Break-in” is a commonly used term throughout the industry. It is the idea that the dielectric of a cable changes and aligns itself to the electromagnetic field of the signal traveling through the conductors.

The Truth

There is no scientific evidence to support the idea of cable break-in, but there are still those who claim it improves sonic qualities. We’re not against optimism. We’re just not full of crap. Don’t drink the audio industry kool-aid and save your money for legitimate cables.
 

3. Cryogenic treatment

Cryogenic treatment is the process of freezing cables to -320 degrees Fahrenheit before use. The claim is that freezing the conductors of the cable at ultra low temperatures aligns the crystalline grain structure of them resulting in desirable improvements.

The Truth

Again there is no scientific data to support this notion. Cryogenic treatment can improve the durability of certain metals, usually steel, by stabilizing impurities. For example, the process is used to create strong tools or car parts.  

But, steel is a terrible metal to use for audio cables. It is one of the least conductive metals out there! Copper and silver are the best conductors of electricity and the preferred metals for audio cables.


4. Cable signal direction

You might hear this phrase tossed around quite a bit. It’s the notion that a cable has an established signal direction, the direction in which it was initially used, and that this signal direction should not be reversed.

The Truth

The reality is, assuming the connector ends and terminals are the same, the cable will work in both directions and the performance will be equivalent.

5. Cable elevators, risers, or lifts

 

The claim is that the cables’ magnetic field can interfere with the surface it is laying on. Essentially, the magnetic field can “reflect” from the surface back into the cable and cause distortions.

 

The Truth

There is no evidence to support these claims, and these unnecessary devices are merely for looks. They are in no way proven to improve cable performance.  

    CABLE FACTS1. Shielding is Important

    In the modern age, wireless signals are all around us all the time. The rapid growth and spread of technology means that these wireless signals will become more widespread and more likely to cause unwanted interference. Cellphones, wifi, and Bluetooth signals can enter your cables, but shielding can block these signals and preserve your sound quality.

    2. Length is a Factor

    No matter how well a cable is designed, cable length will always impact performance. As the length of a cable goes up, so does the risk of unwanted interference and signal loss. We always recommend keeping your cables as short as possible, but we understand that is not always possible. A well constructed and shielded cable will help combat this issue.

      3. Conductor material plays a role

      The best conductors to use for audio cables are pure silver or pure copper. Both are valued for their high conductivity, but copper is more widely used due to the high price of silver. Additionally, some variations are constructed with silver-plated copper. However, because the metals have different conductivities, the sound is more likely to travel through only the silver plating and not the copper.

      The purity of the conductor will affect performance more than anything. Look for Oxygen-Free High Conductivity (OFHC) conductors. This means that a significant percentage of oxygen and other impurities have been removed from the conductor resulting in high purity.  

      4. Wire gauge should not be overlooked

      The amount of wattage your system is using will determine the total gauge size needed for safe and optimal performance. The standard is 14 gauge wire minimum for the transmission of 250 watts of power. Many electronic devices use much less than this, but some speakers and listening setups may be using more. If your system uses more than 250 Watts, we recommend a higher total gauge cable.

      5. Quality connectors matter

      Truly, the best connectors are no connectors at all. But, if you can’t hardwire your system, gold plated connectors are the industry standard. Gold plating exhibits great corrosion resistance when exposed to oxygen and has good conductive properties. Connectors range from basic to extremely high end and flashy.

      The bottom line is:
      Choose connectors based on your personal needs and the type of connection being made. Overall, always choose quality connectors.  

      We hope these myths and facts will help you choose quality, reasonably priced cables to complete your listening room, studio, or whatever your setup may be.

      Share your setup with us in the comments below!

      128x128shieldedaudio

      Human beings who care. Blow away the meters every time. All day long.

      Ah, the siren call of the Golden Ear. "My powers of perception transcend your puny meters and science!"
      How self-satisfying that must feel to believe. How hard it must be to even consider giving up those magical powers ;-)

      Science and technology, double-blind and all that, we use these things to understand the human experience. Not to tell the human he didn’t have an experience.


      To be clear: It all depends on the nature of the claim.

      If you say "I experienced seeing a perpetual motion machine in my neighbor’s garage" then, sorry, science can investigate that claim and conclude you didn’t have that experience (for one, it can base the skepticism on known evidence and theory such a claim is unlikely, but also could investigate the alleged perpetual motion machine to determine it’s not doing what you think it is).

      Of course science doesn’t deny that people "have experiences." The problem arises in how people try to EXPLAIN those experiences - the way we can so easily go wrong in our inferences and causal explanations.
      So if you say "Today at a show I witnessed a man saw a woman in half and put her back together alive!" then, ok, we can take it you had an experience that left you with that impression. But the question arises as to what CAUSED that experience/impression: whether, in fact, a woman was sawed in half in front of you. Upon investigation it turns out it was a magic trick that left you with that impression, not a "true" instance of a woman being sawed in half. You should be open to amending your belief about how you ended up "believing" a woman was sawed in half IF you are at all interested in careful empirical reasoning.


      And this is the issue with Golden Eared purely subjective audiophiles (like Millercarbon) who esteem their own subjective experience and perception above all else. They presume "I heard a sonic change with X tweak" is one and the same as "the sonic tweak DID objectively change the sound, and that is what I perceived." Subjective experience and objective claim meshed as one.



      This is the paradigm behind every tweak any audiophile ever thought he heard. It’s how you arrive at audiophile positions (as it seems to be with Millercarbon) that "everything makes a difference" in the hi fi chain. Because, fact is, the way human minds work, one can imagine a difference at any time, for anything you change.



      Challenging this paradigm is like being an atheist in a church. You are challenging a very personally held belief system, and the intensely subjective nature makes it wrapped up in someone’s own sense of self.So even challenging the idea with "it’s possible you imagined the difference" is taken as a personal affront. "how DARE you say I may not be hearing what I KNOW I’m hearing! I was there! YOU weren’t! "
      To someone thinking in a more scientific mindset, you wouldn’t react this way. It’s obvious, well known, that we can fool ourselves in numerous ways, which is why science is essentially a systematized method of countering our biases. As the great Feynman said of doing science:



      "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself—and you are the easiest person to fool.”




      Golden Ears simply haven’t taken this to heart. They don’t think, or can’t admit, that they may have fooled themselves. It strikes at the heart of their entire paradigm, and also sense of self. After all, if I claim that when I switch in my new fancy cables I can hear angels singing behind the trumpet section on a recording, so long as I refuse to submit my claim to any controlled test - e.g. "lets see if you can reliably identify the angels singing when you don’t know if the new cables are used or not - my claim can go unchallenged forever. "But you can see if other people hear the angels" you might say. Nope. Because I always leave myself the move of proclaiming "If YOU don’t hear the angels then the problem isn’t there are no angels - the problems are with YOUR ears. They clearly are not as refined as My Golden Ears because I can surely hear the angels!"



      So the Golden Ear has the self-satisfaction of making his claim unfalsifiable, while being a position to denigrate anyone who "can’t hear what we Golden Ears hear!"



      And round and round we go....


      I'm thinking this "Cable Myths" information is far from new. Probably as old as "Stereo Review" itself. Anyway... I've been ignoring it for a long time. 

      Trust Your Ears

      BTW,

      While some of the claims made in the OP seem reasonable, given what I've seen other engineers (who aren't selling cables!) say on the subject:

      1. The "points" made against "cable myths" in the OP still tend to constitute mere counter claims with little or no supporting evidence.And if you aren't giving any better evidence than those for cable myths, how are the counter claims to be taken as more justified?

      2.  Looking at the OP's website doesn't exactly inspire confidence that this company has eschewed all the "cable myths" themselves.  There seem to be some level of the same type of claims made for audiophile cables.
      I've tried a few tweaks that fooled me into thinking they made my audio system improved.  After some time, I realized that they also created negative effects.  Some were too obvious, e.g. the SR Blackbox which cut off the highs no matter where in the room they were located or Magico's isolation feet which killed the performance (sluggish and dark sounding) no matter which piece of equipment I placed them under.   I don't want to mention several other mistakes which I corrected because I ended up with other products using the same technology in different applications.   I am not a Golden Ear but do know live acoustical sound from performing and recording performances for 4 decades.   My friend who only listens/buys stereo recordings still appreciates the wonderful 78s and mono LP sound when played in my audio system.   He just doesn't have the room for more than his 12,000+ LPs and 5,000+ CDs.
      I’ve said before, I’ll say it again. Any speaker or interconnect cables over $250-300 in copper are a total waste of good money, unless you wanna go to solid silver, roughly $7,000 for 20’ pair of speaker cables; $2,000 for 6’ RCA interconnects. Easiest upgrade on both, though is to use pro quality balanced XLRs.