Which is better for a DBA (Swarm); powered subs or unpowered?


I want to start building a swarm (starting with 2 subs), on a budget.  Starting with $1000, am I better off buying two used powered subs, three less expensive used powered subs, or a subwoofer amp (eg Dayton SA1000) and two (less expensive) used unpowered subs?  What is the advantage of having a discrete subwoofer amp?  Room size is 13'x22'. 
128x128cheeg
Ieales wrote:

" DBA proponents are not charlatans, but neither are they correct as the the ability it to produce time coherent bass. "

Arrival time coherence in the bass region is not critical, but decay time coherence in the bass region is.

The ear is incapable of even registering the presence of bass energy from less than one wavelength. And the ear is incapable of registering pitch from less than several wavelengths. This from a Journal of the Audio Engineering Society paper which I no longer have access to.

So the ear simply does not have enough time-domain resolution in the bass region to detect arrival time differences of a few milliseconds.

So let’s look at the decay times. The longer a sound lasts, the louder it is perceived to be. So bass frequencies which take longer to decay sound louder.

Also, since speakers + room = a "minimum phase" system at low frequencies (according to both Floyd Toole and Earl Geddes), when we know the frequency response, we know the time-domain response. Thus is it the peaks which take longer to decay into inaudibility. This implies that the frequency response is particularly important at low frequencies.

Which indeed turns out to be the case. If we examine a set of equal-loudness curves, we see that they bunch up south of 100 Hz, such that a 6 dB change at 50 Hz is perceptually comparable to a 10 dB change at 1 kHz. This in turn implies that improvements in the frequency response in the bass region pay subjectively large dividends.

In other words I believe that a good distributed multi-sub system addresses the issue that matters the most to the ears; namely, the in-room frequency response.

Ieales again: "By FAT I mean that unless time correction is implemented the separate sub signals will arrive spread over several milliseconds...

"IMO, it’s as unlistenable as MP3...

At RMAF 2017 we displayed using a distributed multi-sub system in one of the standard (small) hotel rooms. An industry veteran cable manufacturer, with several decades of experience, handed us his thumb drive and asked us to play a recording of Fanfare for the Common Man. When it was over, he told us that was the most natural rendition of the tympani he had ever heard in any room at any audio show. He said it sounded just like what he heard when he went to a concert.

(Incidentally in my experience the term "fat" is normally associated with a frequency response peak and its attendant long decay time, so it IS a time-domain issue - but applicable to the DECAY behavior, not the ARRIVAL TIME behavior.  Our ears cannot react fast enough to hear "fat" in the arrival of bass energy).  

So I’m going to go out on a limb and claim that Ieales’ statement that a distributed multisub system is "as unlistenable as MP3" is an exaggeration. If he wishes to prioritize arrival time that is fine with me, we have a difference of opinion on that subject.

Duke
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When it was over, he told us that was the most natural rendition of the tympani he had ever heard in any room at any audio show.
Tympani are typically tuned to about C3 ≈130Hz with a 65Hz sub harmonic. Not really much in the sub range.

That does not mean you can tell where the bass is originating absent knowing that the two sides behave differently.
By extension,1 sub at the same level midway between their normal positions, two subs with mono input, two subs with with correct input and two subs with reversed input will all sound the same?

Methinks, and knows, not! At least for subs XO ≈80Hz.
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@cheeg FWIW - I have just received an set up my Swarm DBA in a small 10' x 14' room with excellent results.

I previously tried different subwoofers, none of which could provide reliable quality bass. The room is just too small and easily overwhelmed with the lower frequencies.

I (hesitantly) decided to go with the Swarm after reading through the postings here (in particular from millercarbon and noble100) and other sources.  These are very knowledgeable people with real world experience.

Now with all 4 subs singing, bass is extremely present, dynamic, fast and very clear. Everything I read in the posts were true and not exaggerated. 

I would start out with the Dayton and two passive subs for now.  Add the other subs later.  You'll be that much closer to an awesome DBA.

Also, 3 of my subs are placed up on shelves facing the ceiling.  Duke from AudioKinesis suggested this arrangement as it augments dispersion in the vertical plane.

Saves floor space too!

Good luck in your quest!