"A whisper is about 30 dB, normal conversation is about 60 dB, and a motorcycle engine running is about 95 dB. Noise above 70 dB over a prolonged period of time may start to damage your hearing. Loud noise above 120 dB can cause immediate harm to your ears." CDC
Assuming above is true, seems normal conversation 60 dB is minimum to hear into the music and maybe 70 dB is the safe recommended max. Anything above that and you get into risk/reward, and risk tolerance is highly subjective. I'm risk adverse and am very protective of my hearing from damaging sounds - excessive dB levels, not the sound of a nagging spouse :)