@ditusa --
+1
@russbutton --
+1
@russbutton wrote:
The do very different things. An equalizer alters the system response. Typically the operate on ten bands across the audio spectrum.
A crossover, either passive or active, is designed to separate out the signals being sent to the loudspeaker drivers. High frequencies for the tweeter and low frequencies for the bass driver. If you have a 3-way system, then the crossover has the added function of allowing only an intended band of signals for the mid-range driver.
But as you know an active, electronic crossover/DSP also has an equalizer function in the amplitude domain integral to its design "raison d’être." Apart from dividing the signal sent from the preamp and passing it on to the power amps with chosen filter slopes, types, cut-off frequencies, delay etc., each driver band also has its overall gain setting and a number of PEQ’s (i.e.: Parametric EQ):
In my own Xilica DSP there are 8 such PEQ’s for each driver band (3 of them per channel for a 3-way system), and that means the opportunity to choose up to 8 specific frequencies (in single Hz increments) within each of these bands that can be positively or negatively gained in 0.25dB steps from a chosen Q-factor (i.e.: the sloping width around each of these frequencies). That means 3x8 PEQ’s + the overall gain structure for the 3 individual driver bands.
In fact there’s also an "equalizer" function in the time domain in the shape of delay settings; IIR filters that applies a specific delay to the whole of each frequency band, and linear phase FIR filters that have some 65,000 delay points over the frequency spectrum (obviously not done manually).
Which is to say: functionally an active crossover is also an equalizer, whereas an equalizer is only that. What’s more and not least: with an active crossover the equalization is done at the heart of the crossover itself, and not as an additional hardware component. What an active crossover lacks in the number of equalizer bands it can make up for getting the overall gain structure of each driver band right from the outset, which is the easier part. The rest with PEQ’s is fine tuning, but also the hairier aspect that can really lift the overall performance.