Are you sure the phono stage doesn't need to be re-tubed?
A couple of things to try -
ISOLATE THE CAUSE: Remove the TT from the system with the phono stage still in line and see if the hum is still there.
If so - you know the problem is related to the Phono Stage.
If not - Remove the phono stage and connect the TT directly through to the preamp, turn it on, and see if the hum is coming from the TT.
If no hum from the TT either (with preamp volume at Max.) then you know the issue is the relationship between the TT and Phono Stage.
If the power plugs on either the TT, PS, or Preamp are the old 2-prong, non-polarized type (both prongs the same size), try different combinations of flipping them over in the outlet (reversing the polarity). With 3 non-polarized plugs there should be 6 possible combinations - only 1 of which is really "polarity correct".
Keep in mind when running external ground wires that the chassis/case of any equipment with a 2-prong, non-polarized plug is NOT a valid ground point. It is totally isolated from the electronics within. Running a ground a wire from/to the chassis of any such equipment is the same as trying to ground a turntable to an armchair.
Hope this helps.