Dear Inna, While logic try to simplify there are some logical notions which can explain our 'loose way' of speaking. 'the French', 'the Dutch', etc impy 'all French', 'all Dutch', etc. All, everybody, some, etc. are called quantifiers. However quantifiers are not names with refering function. This should be obvious from this statement which everyone can understand: 'some (one) has stolen my car'. The problem for the car owner is obvious:
'some (one)' is not a name. The quantifiers are treated with so called 'satisfaction conditions'. The 'some' or as it is also called 'éxistential quantifier' is true if there is at least one object (person, entity) which satisfy
given condition. If John Gordon has stolen Rik's car then
we know who sastify the condition: has stolen Rik's car.
The 'all' quantor will, I am sure, disapoint our Rambo Rik. The statment, say, 'all French are liers' will be not true if there is one single Frenchman who is not a lier. Ie
'all' means that each and every object included in the class or set must satisfy the given condition. I am sorry for this intermezo but this make it possible for you to mention some French who were in the resistance movement in France. Ie not all French were Hitlers collaborators. BTW the quantor 'some' needs at least one person to be true but
allows of course many more than just one. To be precise one
will need the help of the so called numerical quntifiers.
Say , exactly 3033 French persons were resistance members.
Regards,