Cables with XLR connectors are balanced cables.
A balanced cable has 3 identical conductors which terminate to the 3 pins you see on the XLR connector. PIN 1 is GROUND (same as the outer ring on an RCA plug), PIN 2 is the normal SIGNAL (same as the center pin on an RCA plug), and PIN 3 is a an INVERTED SIGNAL.
The above descriptors of balanced cables are not strictly true. XLR connectors do not alone mean the cable is balanced.
A balanced cable has 2 identical conductors (along with a shield) which terminate to the 3 pins you see on the XLR connector. PIN 1 is GROUND (same as the outer ring on an RCA plug, and is connected to the shield), PIN 2 is the normal SIGNAL (same as the center pin on an RCA plug), and PIN 3 is a an INVERTED SIGNAL.
You may think this is just semantics, but this misunderstanding led me to purchase an Origin Live Silver tonearm with XLR connectors, thinking this was a balanced design. After chasing down a hum in my system, it was due to the single-ended tonearm cable design (a single conductor wrapped with a shield) terminated with XLR connectors. Trust me, there is a difference. Do not assume a cable terminated with XLR connectors is a balanced design.