What is the best dielectric?


A vacuum is the best dielectric? Since this is not pratical would air be the next best dielectric or would there be a better sounding dielectric like cotton?
Would there be a difference for speaker wire or interconnects?
Thanks
cdc
Teflon (PTFE) is better than most, and found in Nordost and other high-end cables. Air separating the Teflon is better still. Certain [noncombustible] gases even more so.
Yes- A vacuum is the best. BUT- Containing vacuums and gases is tricky/expensive, and therefore not often practical (http://www.taralabs.com/images/31479_eprint.pdf). Some manufacturers create a foam of a plastic and air which does work well. Teflon is usually considered the best(after vacuum/air/distance) in any dielectric application.
Of the materials typically found in audio cables, natural unbleached cotton is closest to air in dielectric constant. Teflon and polyolefin are good practical alternatives thereafter. Polyolefin heat-shrink tube is stronger than teflon & easier to work into DIY designs.
natural unbleached cotton is closest to air in dielectric constant.

That is a common misconception because people google dielectric constant and wind up here:

http://www.asiinstr.com/technical/Dielectric%20Constants.htm

a company that makes instruments for measuring bulk solids, the number given is for raw cotton very much like a cotton ball and has a high ration of air to solid.

This is a much more relative site for finding information on cotton as used in our field:

A Swiss textile company:

http://www.swicofil.com/products/001cotton.html#Properties

as you can see the dc for cotton made into a usable form, similar to what would be covering a wire is between: 3.9 – 7.5

what cotton does do well is reduce mechanical vibration which is why it is used frequently as a cable filler. It is also hydrophilic which is not something you want next to a metal conductor.

Microporous PTFE & PE and solid PTFE is for all practical purposes the best dielectrics to use. A tube filled with nitrogen would be great but not very practical to manufacture, a vacuum even less so.
Ah, but a tube filled with liquid nitrogen would be even more intriguing, especially if the wire it surrounded was made from one of the high-temp superconductors. Imagine the look on your buddies faces when you topped up the liquid nitrogen in your cables before your local audio club's next listening session! Mmwaaahaahaahaa!