Jazz Musician's Sonic Signature

This is true for all jazz musicians; in fact, all musicians, period. Just depends on how well you know their playing.

But I'll play along...

McCoy Tyner
Keith Jarrett
Brad Mehldau
John Handy
Joe Henderson
Elvin Jones
Jaco Pastorius
Pat Matheny

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Drubin, I see Elvin Jones in your list. Of the many great jazz drummers throughout history, I haven't listened close enough to any drummers to identify a signature. 99.9% of all of my jazz recordings include drums, but for the life of me, I cannot identify a drummer on any of them.

I cannot say that I can instantly identify any bass players either. Drums and bass don't usually call attention to themselves, therefore, it is more difficult to distinguish unless you are really listening for it.
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Paul Desmond
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I'll know in any band and in any poor sounding system for sure:
John Scoffield,
Adrean Belew,
McCoy Tyner,
Chick Corea,
Bill Frisell,
Ginger Baker,
Jaco Pastorius,
Miroslav Vitous,
Nills Petter Molvaer,
Chris Botti,
Roy Hargrove,
Dizzy Gillaspie,
Bireli Lagrene

Thelonious Monk
Milt Jackson
Louis Armstrong
Joe Pass
Maynard Ferguson
Count Basie
Ben Webster