1958-1959: Invention of the integrated circuit, by Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments, for which he later won the Nobel Prize in Physics; and a few months later, independently, by Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor, who co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor and (at a later date) Intel.
Kilby's IC was Germanium-based. The one developed by Noyce was the first Silicon-based IC, and incorporated other improvements that increased its practicality.
Note: To an electrical design engineer, "IC" = "integrated circuit," not "interconnect cable." :-)
Regards,
-- Al