how do you use an equalizer?


if I get an equalizer, how do I know which frequencies do adjust, also any recommendations?
samuellaudio
I would use the equalizer to compensate for room effects and system imperfections, as well as to reflect my frequency response preferences. For the compensation part, use a sound level meter and a frequency sweep recording to find the settings that provide the flattest response. There are dedicated systems made by Rives and other companies that do this very well.

After these adjustments, I would add any additional changes for personal taste, such as boosting the bass, etc. Clearly, this last is not an audiophile approved adjustment, but hey its your system, not theirs.

Equalizers that I have owned and liked include those made by Audio Control and Rane. The Audio Control line offers a selection of features you may want. Rane makes products more for recording pros, and I think they cause relatively fewer insertion losses. Remember when picking an equalizer that sometimes the room resonance issues you want to address are relatively narrow in frequency band, so you might want a unit that offers some precision with many narrow bands of adjustment.

Another equalizer that I have heard good things about is the Cello Palette, now long out of production. I have never owned one, but I understand it is quite "musical," although it doesn't offer control over a large number of bands. Made by Cello under Mark Levinson (the man), the Palette was originally quite expensive, but it could be fairly affordable used. Good luck.
Just a note on the Cello, it was not intended to address room anomalies, it was intended to compensate for the equalization and gain-riding used by record companies in mixing their recordings to make them more listenable on a good system; that does indeed translate to "musical", and it is a great product in that regard. That is the other use for an equalizer in your system. Jameswei's post is excellent; I'd only add that many beginners wind up using an equalizer ultimately to add overall gain to the system; I know when I started out that's what I did. Don't fall into that trap, as all equalizers, at least those in the analog domain, do degrade the signal to some extent, so it's best to use equalization sparingly to affect only the frequency ranges that help you enjoy the music most.
A spectrum analyser (also called a Real Time Analyser, RTA) is by far the best way to see what you have to deal with, and to assess your corrective actions, whether these be passive room treatments or electronic. The Pro Sound Behringer DEQ2496, about which there have been many postings, is versitile, sounds good, and is inexpensive. Check it out.