Are you really sure that it is an FM station you are hearing? There are two things that seem to point to AM -- the fact that it is being demodulated into understandable audio, as discussed above; and the fact that the problem occurs only at night.
My suspicion would be that the day/night difference would be caused by differing signal strengths before/after sunset. As you probably realize, AM stations typically propagate much further at night than during the day. With FM, I believe that would only be true to a slight extent if at all.
If the other suggestions don't help, you might try this: There are kits that are available (I used to have one) that provide small value capacitors on rca plugs, for the purpose of optimizing the capacitive loading that is applied to the cartridge. Or you can solder up something like that yourself. If you were to add say 50 or 100pf of capacitance (connected at the preamp input with a y-connector), without going outside the range of total capacitance that the cartridge is specified for, the extra capacitance might load down the rf pickup sufficiently to kill it.
Also, you could try to find the kind of ferrite-based rfi filter that has a donut-hole in the center, through which the phono cable would be routed. That might do the trick as well. I think some of them are specifically marketed for audio applications.
Regards,
-- Al