Effect Ohms Have on db and Speaker Sensitivity

Still 97dB, assuming the manufacturer is using the conventional definition of sensitivity -- 97dB at one watt measured at one meter. For a 6 ohm impedance, the voltage for one watt is 2.4 volts. When the impedance swings to 8 ohms then 2.83 volts is one watt of power consumed and 97db SPL will still be measured at one meter.

First, be aware no spec gets fudged more than sensitivity! :) Most speakers are rated 3-5 dB higher than they actually are.

dB at 1W / 1m is "efficiency" and varies by load impedance, which as stated above, is 2.83V at 8 Ohms. Think of it as "power efficiency." With modern SS amps this is a meaningless measure really. You want sensitivity.

dB at 2.83V / 1m regardless of load (and therefore regardlesss of power) is "sensitivity." Again, think of this as "voltage sensitivity" to try to remember why they are not the same.  This measurement makes more sense, since most speakers impedance varies WIDELY at different Hz. Measuring between say 6 to 20 Ohms in the same speaker is quite typical. I don't really care about how much power is being dissipated at 2,450 Hz as much as how loud it will get with a 40 Watt amplifier.

Also, the exact Hz at which the dB are measured varies. I use 1 kHz, but some manufacturers may try to eyeball it.

As Kosst alluded to the question is somewhat unclear. But **if** you are asking what the difference in SPL would be on a per watt basis between an 8 ohm speaker rated at 97 db/2.83 volts/1 meter and a 6 ohm speaker rated at 97 db/2.83 volts/1 meter, and assuming those specs are accurate (which is often a bad assumption, as Erik indicated), the calculation would be as follows:

Power into a resistive load = Voltage squared/Resistance

Therefore:

2.83 volts into 8 ohms = (2.83 x 2.83)/8 = 1 watt

2.83 volts into 6 ohms = (2.83 x 2.83)/6 = 1.335 watts

The ratio of two amounts of power, expressed in db, is:

db = 10 x log(P1/P2), where "log" is the base 10 logarithm.

10 x log(1.335/1) = 1.25 db.

So if both speakers are provided with the same number of watts the 6 ohm speaker would produce an SPL that is 1.25 db lower than the SPL produced by the 8 ohm speaker, if both have sensitivities of 97 db/2.83 volts/1 meter.

Regards,
-- Al

I'm not sure if this is why you could be confused, but some driver manufacturers do offer 2 versions of the same woofer: an 8 and 4 Ohm.

The 4 Ohm allows twice the current to flow in the coil, which means 2x the power for the same V will be dissipated. The advantage in this particular case, everything else being equal, is the 4 Ohm version gains 3 dB of sensitivity.

It is only in this type of situation, where everything except the voice coil impedance is the same, that we can generalize and say that 4 Ohm versions are more sensitive. We cannot take this and compare drivers in general even within the same manufacturer. The magnetic strength, gap, weight, cone diameter, suspension, all come into play.