How much does vinyl formulation have an influence on overall sound?

I’m sure it is a factor, based on my listening experience, but combined with so many other variables, from the quality of the original recording, what master is used to cut (and how many generations down), the mastering, and the pressing quality, it is hard to identify how much it makes a difference in overall sonics. That old MoFi formulation from JVC is, to me, one of the best-- very quiet given that it was originally intended for discrete multichannel LPs, though I personally have issues with some of the EQ choices on the old MoFi LPs. On the other hand, pressing plants like Monarch are now valued for their highly visceral, punchy sound. But, those discs tend to be noisy, and that plant was not a high end plant- it was owned by a conglomerate that owned Buddah Records.
Where did these companies get their plastics? Keysor-Century in the US manufactured plastics for records back in the day. I doubt there are any plastics companies that make the resin Stateside anymore-- I believe most of it comes from one large company in Thailand, though the exact formulation can be varied.
I can’t remember who Michael Hobson used for his Clarity formulation- the one that eliminated carbon black in the quest for better sound.
Quiex was another formulation that seemed to be used for promo records and continued in different formulations Quiex II, etc. I suppose they were quieter, but sonically I don’t think that made for a better overall record, given the other factors-
Some of the early Island pink labels in the UK were pressed at Orlake and sound far more visceral than the UK Polygram pressings using the same mastering, which in turn, sound better than the later UK EMI pressed ones (Island switched from Philips-Polydor to EMI at some point in the late pink label era, and most of the pink rims are EMI pressed records). The Orlakes are noisier than either the Philips or the EMI pressings, but sound better if you find an unmolested copy. I have no idea where the plastic was sourced among these different UK manufacturers. I do know that a lot of record people opted for Japanese pressings 3 plus decades ago in the quest for a better, quieter surface, but again, the EQ is not always to my taste. I think part of it depends on the music you are looking for; a lot of the really heavy ticket old prog was reissued by King Records in Japan and those aren’t just cheaper than the original Italian pressings, but have better surfaces.
I’m not saying it’s unimportant, but choosing records based on vinyl formulation is going to leave you in a very narrow corridor. And sometimes, the sonics of an otherwise noisy piece of plastic are going to outweigh a quiet piece of vinyl.
humbly,
bill hart

The quietest pressings we've seen have come from QRP which is owned by Acoustic Sounds.
Its not the vinyl though- its how the pressing machines are damped so as not to shake or vibrate as the vinyl is being pressed.
In mastering different projects that went to different plants, what we've seen is that the mastering quality has more to do with the final sound than the pressing plant. For example, United has a mastering operation, which sounds rather flat and its not unusual to get some surface noise. But if a different mastering house is use and United is only used to press the LP, the results are pretty good. In all our projects we've mastered, no pressing plant so far has indicated any other options other than thickness.

Also the quality of the vinyl and the method in which it is stamped determines whether there will be sporadic drop outs and noise (chunks, potholes, pits) in the groove walls. Some of this depends on the formulation of the vinyl compound, whether it contains recycled materials, etc. Even with a given formulation, there will be batch variation of the quality of the premelted pellets from the supplier. I have several pressings that, except for a few sections that sounds like tearing of the record, they are otherwise quiet and decent sounding.

I’ve often wondered about this as well. It might be one of the possible explanations of sonic differences between different copies of the same record (sometimes even with the same matrix numbers). But there are probably too many other variables to make valid judgement calls.

However, there’s one possible case where most variables don’t apply. As most jazz vinyl collectors know all ’original’ Blue Note records were pressed by the Plastylite company. They were renowned for their pressing and sound quality and can be easily recognized by the so called ’ear’ in the run out grooves (in fact an inverted & stylized P). When Blue Note was sold to Liberty in the mid 60’s the pressing arrangement with Plastylite was cancelled and manufacturing immediately went to Liberty’s own pressing facility in New Jersey (and thus no more ’ear’). But the new owner continued to use the same plates mastered by Van Gelder, so any sonic difference between the Plastylites and Liberty’s can be attributed to the different pressing facilities, each using different stamper machines and procedures. And - most likely - a different vinyl compound.

I’ve compared these pressings of many Blue Note titles and have been unable to detect any sonic difference. This might be of interest to some of you, because there is a huge and still widening price gap between Plastylite and early Liberty pressings of the same titles. If sound quality is your main target (apart from the music itself of course) and not the possession of an ’earliest pressing’ trophy, you can save a lot of money without sonic penalty by getting these Liberty’s. As prices of the Plastylites have gone insane, the Liberty’s are picking up in value as well. On eBay they’re currently being offered less often than the Plastylites, which suggests to me dealers are hoarding. Within a year I expect to see an avalanche of Liberty’s at Plastylite prices......

Anyway, in my humble opinion the sonic impact of the vinyl compound itself is negligable and indeed a narrow corridor for choosing your records.

Another point is how many plays they will tolerate without significant deterioration. I do treat then with LAST so I may never know.
Interesting to compare original US Bitches Brew by Miles Davis and first release Japanese. Japanese vinyl is definitely quieter and EQ is better overall, at least for my taste, but Miles's trumpet has a little more power and presence in the US version. I listen to them both.

I agree with @whart on the old JVC vinyl. Looking forward to my Marvin Gaye pressed on the latest vinyl formulation from MOFI. Hopefully it won’t disappoint.

Regarding QRP, there vinyl formulation (may ?) be quiet, their pressing quality leaves much to be desired, especially after the big press releases vs. the end product. SQ is mostly very good but overall, I’d say it’s a big disappointment.
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Thinking about this brought back memories of years ago... I either started a thread or just posted about an idea for an across the board high quality vinyl formulation that every manufacturer would have to use. The premise being...that for the end user, we'd have the best vinyl available at all times. The only difference between record labels would be the recording quality. This fund would go toward one goal only...to have and invest in the absolute best vinyl formulation possible.

A fund could be started by the record labels with what they'd normally spend on vinyl. Then maybe, the end user would, pay a slight premium or be on a subscription service basis for vinyl purchases w/ some of those proceeds going into the fund for quality vinyl formulation. I'm just throwing out ideas here folks. But I think if there was a uniform quality vinyl formulation that was required for all records made, we'd be in better shape.