Name an artist that had a great debut album and a great final album

The Beatles first album:  Please Please Me. At the time there was nothing like it. NOTHING. It change the whole game in the whole world. 
The Beatles last recording: Abby Road.  Gone with a bang. A masterpiece that very few could ever match.

Merle Haggard

Double Down on Merle.

I am going to add Townes Van Zandt to this list with For The sake of the song as his debut album and No Deeper Blue as his closing. I know there were a couple of live and compilation albums before his death but NDB was his last studio offering released before his death in 1997 and although a bit rough at times is a great album in my mind, maybe I was just a fan and more so today than yesterday. Enjoy the music

It will be difficult to beat Bob Dylan last and first album... And he goes on better and better....

I will put Leonard Cohen after Dylan....

It seems poets are more able to win this chase and challenge....