What music is not derivative?

Anything written by Morton Feldman between 1980 and his death. Long pieces of chamber music, often literally hours long, constructed from slowly floating patterns of quiet chords. Unlike anything else, and hypnotically beautiful. All of his late works have been recorded, gorgeously performed and engineered, mostly on the Swiss HatArt label.

radiohead's recent stuff (kid a, amnesiac) is pretty original. Also, Sigur Ros (Icelandic group, just kids really) is non-derivative. That's just as far as rock goes, which I think is what you're asking. But if you get into more experimental stuff... try Bernard Gunther or Kim Cascone - I guarantee you've never heard anything like their work.

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Roxy Music and The Talking Heads were a much needed breath of fresh air in the late 1970's and 80's.

It could be argued that there is no such thing as music that is not derivative. I guess Derek Bailey, Edgar Varese, and most Anthony Braxton recordings might come close. Not sure you would want to listen to them much. Alot of great stuff is challenging, innovative and derivitave, (like Gentle Giant, Roxy Music or some Radiohead). Checking out Terje Rypdal, Uwe Koprinski, Squarepusher, Lucas Niggli(Zoom), X-Legged Sally, Sonny Sharrock (Sieze the Rainbow), Massacre (w/Fred Frith), Octavo, Steve Tibbets, Allan Holdsworth, Jean Derome, Eberhard Weber, David Torn or Egberto Gismonti might fire up some under used neurons.