Installing an AC Grounding System, Need Advice


Later this week, my electician will begin work on my electric project, which will involve the installation of a 7.5kVA isolation transformer that will be fed from a separate meter tap. The isolation transformer will be installed in front of a new dedicated circuit panel that will house the dedicated circuits that will feed my listening room. All the dedicated circuits will be fed from the same side of the bar in the new panel in order to maintain consistent phase.

As Sean has advised in a separate thread, I know it is important that I check - and upgrade as necessary - the ground for my AC system. (My house was built in the late 1950s, and, from the looks of things, not much has been done since that time to upgrade the electric service. So I am nearly certain that I will find the grounding system leaves much to be desired.) I also know from discussion in various other threads that it is important for the entire electrical system in my house to share a common ground. So I expect that I will need to upgrade the grounding system into my main circuit panel and then tie the isolation transformer and the new dedicated panel back to that same grounding system.

The work on my house is being performed by a qualified electrician, but, as I have noted in other threads, I would like advice on the audiophile details that can make a difference in the sound (in this case, the noise floor) of my system. Perhaps I should also mention that my plan involves installing a separate dedicated circuit for each of my seven components. Given that this sort of a set-up is more prone to ground loops, I am interested in advice regarding how to avoid them with this set-up.

With that as background, would any of the resident experts be willing to share with me the details of how to install a high quality grounding system for my AC power? I would appreciate as much detail as possible regarding the materials to use as well as installation advice.

I have read some advice in other threads recommending two separate copper grounding rods driven into the ground relatively close to each other with a weather-proofed connection between the two rods that is, in turn connected to the electrical system. I have also seen some advice that I believe involves wiring one of these connected ground rods to the main house circuit panel and the other connected ground rod to the audio portion of the system (i.e., in my case, the isolation transformer and the new dedicated circuit panel). Please let me know if this is headed in the right direction and, if so, please help me to fill in some details (dimensions of the copper, advice on how to drive it into the ground without mangling it, distance between the redundant rods, any other details you see fit).

As always, thanks for your help and patience.
cincy_bob
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Jea48, thanks for all your input. It is really valuable to me as I lack personal expertise in this area. Here are some answers to your questions:

1. Soil and Moisture - As my user name implies, I live in the Cincinnati, Ohio area. Our soil in this area involves a lot of clay. We tend to have normal midwestern weather with a fair amount of precipitation yearound but occasional droughts in the summer months. Let me know if additional information would be helpful in this area.

2. Isolation Transformer - My isolation transfomer is an MGE Topaz isolation transformer that is described in the following web link:

MGE Topaz 100 Installation and User Manual

This web link will lauch a pdf file that contains the full user manual for my isolation transformer. The specifications for the unit are contained on page 11 of the document. My unit is model no. T-100H-7500. It is a hardwired 7.5kVA transformer (see pg. 12 for the specifications of the various model numbers).

The unit provides 140dB of common mode noise attenuation and 65dB of normal mode noise attenuation. I believe the transformer also provides the electrostatic shielding that you mentioned in your latest post.

By the way, my use of the word, "taps," simply shows my inexperience with the subject matter. I had no technical basis for the use of that term.

Based on the advice in your latest post, it sounds like I should use the transformer to step down the 240V primary voltage to 120V at the output stage.

It would be a lot of help to me if you would explain a bit more to me about the primary and secondary grounding electrodes in my system. If I understand your posts to date, you are suggesting that, to comply with code and safety standards, the grounding electrode on the primary stage of the isolation transformer must be tied back to the grounding system at my main electric panel in my house (i.e., the clamp that is attached to my water pipe service where the service enters my house).

When you refer to the secondary grounding electrode, are you referring to a second ground connection from the secondary side of the isolation transformer? Did I understand your first post in this thread to suggest that it is best to have a ground for this secondary side of the transformer that is independent of the water pipe ground that is used as the primary ground for my electric system? I have seen a lot of cautionary advice about the use of two separate grounds within an electric system. The cautionary advice seems to say that it is never acceptable to have two separate grounding systems for two parts of an electrical system. Can you clarify this part for me?
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Cincy: You really can't do a free, engineering project via an audio Forum. That's a bit much to expect, both financially and even more importantly, from a liability standpoint. You are very bright, curious, and well spoken, but, respectfully, and I'll buy the first beer - y'all are drifting into a real project. And, respectfully, if we don't know that ground rods come in 10 ft lengths, and that driving one takes a specialized tool, and is the ultimate in apprentice physical labor, and that there are a ton of NEC requirements to be met, well...

Saying that you may want to consider engaging a freelance (not an engineering company) registered electrical engineer to prepare several drawings on what you wish to do. You can verbalize your electrican through it, but, that is always poor practice. That includes an as-build of your entire home system. Expensive, but hand waving a Journeyman electrican will burn up a stupid amount of hours; and here in N. CA, the billing rate will be about $80/hour.

Not a shareholder, employee, sales rep of any mentioned product. The XIT system is a large, hollow ground rod packed w/ trick material. It is vented at the top to absorb ambient humidity, thusly maintaing a very low impedance with the contacting soil throughout the year despite weather conditions. It is used by Honeywell for their DCS (Distributed Control Systems) in their localized Remote Instrument Enclosures handling plant control of digital inputs/outputs and analog signals in the milliamp level. It is installed in at least one Chevron refinery in California.

It also is, possibly, stupid overkill for a residential app., but in this day and age when 6loons is reviewing new-car priced transports/DAC's, I'm lost...

If your curent system is in good condition, and has a measured reasonable impedance, I wouldn't loose sleep on this...