This post is getting more and more interesting! From cables to amp to speakers to DAC to subwoofer! You have a stack of cash set aside for a considerable upgrade, and all of the options and opinions on this thread hold water. Very tough to decide indeed.
This is a very exciting position to be in for a music enthusiast, especially as you say that you want to avoid the merry go round. Now more than ever when reading the posts of my fellow audiogon members, I am wracking my brain, what would I do if I were in his shoes right now? What if I had to decide at this very moment?
As I re-read the post, I would eliminate a cable upgrade at this point. As you want the most significant change for the dollar, I think you will be better served in another department at this point.
A subwoofer will no doubt make a large difference in the sound. My previous speakers were monitors, and I added a sub to accompany them, with excellent results. I dialed it in so that I could barely notice it was there, until I powered it off, and the difference was subtle but dramatic, if that makes sense despite the contradiction in terms. I used a Wisdom SCS sub, which is thin, can be placed in unconventional locations, and is within your budget (the dealer I traded it to may still have it if you're interested).
DAC technology changes fast, and I don't see that changing anytime soon! Imagine when the iPhone will stop being upgraded on an annual basis... Probably never! That said, you seem reluctant to upgrade your digital, and seem pleased with your CD player.
Unless your room is large or you play your music very loud, I'm not sure an amp upgrade will make a considerable difference in your listening experience with your speakers. Of course there will be a change and of course it will be different, but the speakers don't have huge bass drivers and are pretty sensitive so the tube power you do have probably sounds pretty darned nice.
Whats left for that big upgrade?! Speakers, being the end of the chain probably make the most difference, speakers and the source. I would see what your monitors are worth, add that to the stack of cash, and evaluate what that sum can purchase in the used market. See if there is a 3-way speaker with high-ish sensitivity of exceptional quality, at or above the quality of your monitors, and, one that fits in your space. This research will allow you to decide if the speakers are the correct path.
if not, and the subwoofer idea is not exciting you, that eliminates quite a bit! But, we left something out. You mentioned CDs, but did not talk about any other sources. One of the biggest things I have added to my system of late was a subscription to Tidal hifi. 4 million albums at uncompressed cd quality. It is unreal. I can read music reviews and then immediately listen to all of the new music in the world as if I had all of the CDs! It is very significant. Perhaps you will consider adding a component such as the blue sound node 2 for $500, and getting a subscription to Tidal hifi. That will be a very Very noticeable change! It has an on board DAC for now and the ability to use an outboard DAC should you go that way. You can still play your CDs on the Jolida and play Tidal on the node. If you adore the experience, you may upgrade to a stand alone DAC in the future, and you will still have funds set aside to do so, perhaps even a tube DAC.
If you have any vinyl aspirations, $2500 is a fine entry, and I can tell you that I love spinning my vinyl more than my digital. I love the experience and the sound - the analog in my system sounds better than digital.
So, to sum up, I would be looking at a speaker upgrade, adding a sub, or adding Tidal via Bluesound Node 2 (or similar). You should be able to add a sub and Bluesound / Tidal. If you have any vinyl thoughts, I'd be happy to lend my two cents there, as I believe an addition of an analog rig would also add a lot of addional musical enjoyment!