Really now Cleeds ....
So you have studied audio/acoustic sciences, and the science of how to apply objective methods to subjective testing? I have. My assertion about proving or disproving a test was 100% bang on. When a subject makes a highly specific claim (say the difference of a fuse was huge and instantly recognizable) under a specific testing regimen (in my system that I know well), which audiophiles do all the time, then you only need to repeat the test with their system and them, to disprove the claim. Similar if a broad claim is made such as always makes a difference with a reasonable resolving system, then allowing the person who made the claim to define the system and pick the listeners, again, meets all requirements to prove or disprove the claim. We are not trying to determine if something is "better", which requires much different testing criteria, we are just testing the specific claim of being able to detect.
So you have studied audio/acoustic sciences, and the science of how to apply objective methods to subjective testing? I have. My assertion about proving or disproving a test was 100% bang on. When a subject makes a highly specific claim (say the difference of a fuse was huge and instantly recognizable) under a specific testing regimen (in my system that I know well), which audiophiles do all the time, then you only need to repeat the test with their system and them, to disprove the claim. Similar if a broad claim is made such as always makes a difference with a reasonable resolving system, then allowing the person who made the claim to define the system and pick the listeners, again, meets all requirements to prove or disprove the claim. We are not trying to determine if something is "better", which requires much different testing criteria, we are just testing the specific claim of being able to detect.