LP made from a digital master recording...

With respect to the OP's specific question, I'm in full agreement with those who have suggested it is really about the mastering.

If the mastering for LP is different than that for the CD release (it would primarily be about increased dynamic range and less compression on the vinyl release than the CD release that would possibly give the LP version the edge, but there might be other factors in a different mastering for LP vs CD as well, ie. LP might be hi-rez while the digital release might be standard redbook) there is a possibility that the LP would sound better. 

If the masterings are identical for both the CD and LP release, assuming good playback equipment on both the digital and analog side, I can see no reason why the LP would be superior and a number of reasons why it might not be. 

I don't buy a lot of newer music because I like the sound of good analog recording and don't particularly like what I perceive to be the sound of digital in many cases. And I doubt, frankly, that many modern releases actually feature a different mastering for the LP release vs the CD release. To find out, you pretty much have to buy both versions, which is a pretty unexciting proposition as far as I'm concerned. 

I was at a blues show last week and ended up buying an LP from the band after talking to the leader. It was recorded analog to tape live in the studio so I figured I'd take a chance on it. Only bought the LP as didn't want to purchase the CD too and while the recording is decent, you can tell it was mastered digitally, probably run through Pro Tools or something similar in terms of creating the final product. My guess is that the vinyl and CD mastering are probably identical in this case but I'd have to hear the CD to be sure. 

I have very few newer recordings on both formats. One that comes to mind is Bob Dylan's Together Through Life. The LP and the CD sound pretty much the same to me; I see no point in owning the LP to be honest. 

   So much science in this discussion. Groove geometry, master recording, streaming capability, and a host of others. LP quality and digital quality will always come back to the original recording. CD's, streaming, and LP's all will suffer or benefit from that.
    If a person has a sizeable collection of LP's then it makes sense to obtain the best possible sound from them. Analog will beat out digital and digital will beat out analog depending on the source equipment, and room employed.
   With LP's there are always things to keep in mind. Care, cleaning, and, of course, equipment used. This is still, yet, another debate which has no end. Both formats have their advantages. So many variables to consider.

One thing for sure--there is rarely a digital reproduction of a pre-mid 80s analog recording that is arguably better than the original vinyl lp absent extraordinary efforts (e.g. Abbey Road, White Album)

Remember the late '70's and the Telarc digital recordings?  Vinyl records mastered from 50K digital tapes.  The audiophile magazines were unanimously griping about the sterility, lack of detail and digital glare even back then.  Admittedly, things have gotten better since then, but I still think that buying a record that was mastered from a digital source is highway robbery.  Don't get me wrong, I enjoy both digital and vinyl, my gripe is the misrepresentation of the product. 

Some of us own and push the envelope with both analog and digital formats and by both I mean vinyl, tape and high end digital.
there are hardcore in every corner, but some of us can occupy all three corners and understand relative strengths and weaknesses ego and cognitive dissonance free. Those who dismiss a format out of hand are ignorant, deaf or worse... just blowhard big ego getting in the way of a lot more accessible world class music.
iF you have an excellent DAC, night I suggest some 2L ( the Nordic sound ) downloads and the corresponding vinyl album from them. Make up your own mind , blowhard free