Why have capacitors improved so much over the years?


Assuming they have, which is my general impression…
redwoodaudio
I don't know much, but I would guess it's a result of materials research and testing as well as more precise manufacturing and better lead wires.
Tech is nothing more than a physical description of the ways they are different. Why they got better is audiophiles obsessed with and driven to achieve exceptional sound quality. How  they got better was by trying out and evaluating different ideas by listening.
good question, like OP, I would like to know what ... is better and why about capacitors specifically.

Switching from electrolytic capacitors to film caps has brought the focus on the materials used in the construction of capacitors. Electrolytics can sound poor because the insulator is actually an oxidized plate. Basically a capacitor is two plates separated by an insulator. Film caps allow that form of construction. Using high purity metal foils and Teflon insulators without the need to use a paste to oxidize a plate improves the transmission of a purer music signal.