In single ended connection we are passing signal and reference point (analog ground). There is a loop from the output to input and back by return - analog ground. Induced electrical noise currents in both wires flow in the same direction and cancel. This would work perfectly if there is no other path for return, like when chassis on one side is not earth grounded (II class) or when it is grounded but analog ground is floating on either side. Analog ground is often connected to chassis ground with the large resistor. That would diminish effectiveness of twisted pair a little but still, twisting would help and perhaps that’s why many manufacturers twist single ended wires inside of the shield.
What balanced connection bring is complete symmetry and independence from this additional return path, but also, when properly done (signals not referenced to ground) removes effect of wires to shield capacitance (allowing for longer connections).
Another example of single ended output, that behaves like balanced, is amplifier output, since speaker is floating.