Why is so much music recorded out of key?


As a guitarist, I like to sometimes listen to music and figure out a solo or sometimes play along with a song. My guitar is in perfect tune but a lot of the time the music is off and in between 2 keys. Like a semi tone off key. This really never happens when listening to a live recording, only studio recordings. I assume all the musicians tune up during a session and of course piano is already tuned to a standard. So has anyone else noticed this and can explain why. Don’t try to blame it on my turntable as it happens with digital streams and cd releases as well. Been noticing this for years. What gives??

128x128alvinnir2

Interesting comments.

@designsfx Doesn't make sense to me to tune down a quarter tone for the vocalist as a quarter tone difference shouldn't be that hard for a vocalist to deal with ,even at the top or bottom of their ranges. Also this phenomena occurs with recorded music that is all instrumental as well. I suspect bdp24 is right in that the producers do it for some reason. 

@alvinnir2 

Not sure exactly how it got started but that is what I had heard when I first asked the question. When I first started learning I always tuned the guitar to my folks piano only to walk back to my room, put on a record to play along with and found that I was out of tune. I don’t think it has to make sense- it’s just what it is.

Google says that the 440 hz A was established by the American Standards Association in 1936. In other words, the choice is perhaps a bit arbitrary. But it always seemed to be somewhere in that neighborhood.

It's more important that the musicians are in tune with each than with concert tuning.  Analog recording and manufacturing had numerous places where small errors in pitch could occur.  The biggest selling jazz album of all time, "Kind Of Blue", had pitch/speed issues.  I can imagine for someone with perfect pitch that it could be annoying, but for most it doesn't matter.  With digital recordings you can intentionally pitch up or down to your heart's content.  It's just another FX tool.

Check out pages 55,56 of the book God, No! for a rational take on the subject.