I believe you would be happy with either the Pro-ject debut carbon or the Rega RP-1. Both highly regarded at the price point. After a couple years a new cartridge makes for an easy upgrade. Turntables last a long time, I have had mine near 30 years.
Regarding the CD player issue, most any single disk player will greatly out perform multi disk ones simply due to transport stability issues. The Marantz CD5004 is a good budget player and your system could be up graded if it were to be used as a transport with an external DAC at a later date. Same could be said for your Samsung, should it have a digital output.
Regarding your receiver:
Can't speak to receiver power limitation with your speakers as I am not familiar with either but I have come to respect RW's opinions.
With vinyl, the phono stage of a receiver or integrated amp becomes a most important aspect. Quite likely the your Denon has one. Not sure of its quality.
The value, sonic and economic, of amplification has greater longevity than that of digital components. Today there are many high quality integrated amplifiers on the market. New ones with built in phonostages are in the minority. Many good ones go on sale on AG.
Given the above considerations ( as in 'if it were me') I would encourage you to consider the purchase of a new turntable first, and see how you like the sound from your system keeping and using your receiver and the Samsung player. If the sound from the turnable satisfies, then upgrade the digital source to compliment. At a later date, purchase a new or used integrated amp having a good phonostage and and additional power as needed for your speakers. Do your homework here as this will likely be your most long lasting component (along with TT). I would consider a used unit.
I tend to spend considerable time building a system. Once I have one together I tend to keep it a long time. Greatest return on $$$ this way. Good luck in your audio endeavors. Please keep us posted on you path.
Regarding the CD player issue, most any single disk player will greatly out perform multi disk ones simply due to transport stability issues. The Marantz CD5004 is a good budget player and your system could be up graded if it were to be used as a transport with an external DAC at a later date. Same could be said for your Samsung, should it have a digital output.
Regarding your receiver:
Can't speak to receiver power limitation with your speakers as I am not familiar with either but I have come to respect RW's opinions.
With vinyl, the phono stage of a receiver or integrated amp becomes a most important aspect. Quite likely the your Denon has one. Not sure of its quality.
The value, sonic and economic, of amplification has greater longevity than that of digital components. Today there are many high quality integrated amplifiers on the market. New ones with built in phonostages are in the minority. Many good ones go on sale on AG.
Given the above considerations ( as in 'if it were me') I would encourage you to consider the purchase of a new turntable first, and see how you like the sound from your system keeping and using your receiver and the Samsung player. If the sound from the turnable satisfies, then upgrade the digital source to compliment. At a later date, purchase a new or used integrated amp having a good phonostage and and additional power as needed for your speakers. Do your homework here as this will likely be your most long lasting component (along with TT). I would consider a used unit.
I tend to spend considerable time building a system. Once I have one together I tend to keep it a long time. Greatest return on $$$ this way. Good luck in your audio endeavors. Please keep us posted on you path.