Further and further down the rabbit hole we go. It gets strange down here. It's here that we find...
∀F(Fx ↔ Fy) → x=y
F = discernable characteristics
x = original manual
y = replacement manual
If the seller provides a replacement manual whose discernable characteristics are equivalent to those of the original manual, then he has, quite literally, provided an *identical* manual. This is the Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles, first described by W.G. Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician who, among other things, co-invented calculus.
What makes one manual identical to another is not that it has the same trajectory through space and time. It's that it contains the same INFORMATION. It is for this reason that we can say that, when I watch a TV program in Los Angeles, and you watch it in Helena Montana, we have seen the same program, even though I saw it several seconds before you did, while in a different location, and as a result of a different radio wave trajectory. What makes it the "same" program is the INFORMATION it contains. Same information. Same program.
What goes for TV programs goes for movies, books, photographs, albums, manuals, or any other entity whose discernible characteristics are overwhelmingly defined by the INFORMATION they contain. Otherwise, we would find ourselves in a world where you say "We're reading the same book," and I say, "That's impossible. It hasn't left my bedstand for weeks!" Or, as Alice said...
IMO, of course.
Bryon
∀F(Fx ↔ Fy) → x=y
F = discernable characteristics
x = original manual
y = replacement manual
If the seller provides a replacement manual whose discernable characteristics are equivalent to those of the original manual, then he has, quite literally, provided an *identical* manual. This is the Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles, first described by W.G. Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician who, among other things, co-invented calculus.
What makes one manual identical to another is not that it has the same trajectory through space and time. It's that it contains the same INFORMATION. It is for this reason that we can say that, when I watch a TV program in Los Angeles, and you watch it in Helena Montana, we have seen the same program, even though I saw it several seconds before you did, while in a different location, and as a result of a different radio wave trajectory. What makes it the "same" program is the INFORMATION it contains. Same information. Same program.
What goes for TV programs goes for movies, books, photographs, albums, manuals, or any other entity whose discernible characteristics are overwhelmingly defined by the INFORMATION they contain. Otherwise, we would find ourselves in a world where you say "We're reading the same book," and I say, "That's impossible. It hasn't left my bedstand for weeks!" Or, as Alice said...
"I wonder if I've been changed in the night? Let me think: was I the same when I got up this morning? I almost think I can remember feeling a little different. But if I'm not the same, the next question is 'Who in the world am I?' Ah, that's the great puzzle!"This thread has sounded a little like Wonderland.
IMO, of course.
Bryon