Power Conditioning / Surge Protection


I am looking for some advice on power conditioning and surge protection.  I have a dedicated circuit for my two channel system with eight outlets. Years ago I was talked into buying a couple of Richard Gray Power Stations which I still have in the system. Because of the logistics of my system they have served as additional outlets when power cords weren’t long enough but honestly I don’t know a damn thing about power conditioning or surge protection and whether I’m doing harm or good to my system.  I have a turntable, phono stage, music server, streamer, CD player, integrated amp and dual powered subs so I have a lot of need for power. I’m interested in protecting my equipment but I don’t want to muddy things up either. I’m willing to scrap the Richard Grays and either replace them with something else if there are better options.

I would greatly appreciate any advice from those who know about these things. I’m very happy with my equipment but feel the power issue is lacking or, at best, not well thought out. 
Ag insider logo xs@2xpuppyt
Charging pulse starts at the bottom of the ripple and ends at the peak of the waveform. When ripple is larger this time gets longer. When you comprehend this we can go forward
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It is impossible for you to discuss this as you don't understand what is happening. It is unfortunately obvious to me you have never had something like this on the bench, never had something like this in a simulator. You are just trying to run it through your head and are doing it wrong. You repeatedly assume the charging current is the same in all circumstances. If the circuit changes, i.e. you add resistance or inductance to the charging circuit, then everything changes. The waveform of the charging current changes, the total conduction angle changes, etc.


Amount of ripple depends on capacitance and load current and does not depend how capacitor is charged since ripple is an effect of voltage drop during capacitor discharge cycle hence has nothing to do with capacitor charging.


You are painfully showing here that you have no idea what is actually happening in the circuit. Sorry can't call it any way but that. Unless you learn this is not the case, you are unable and uneducated enough to discuss this. That is simple reality.  It is not my job to teach you about the basic concept of choke regulation in a power supply, but it is your job to learn it if you want to call other people "low in knowledge" and not have egg on your face.


Amount of this voltage drop (amplitude of ripple) defines width of charging pulse, since capacitor is charged only from the bottom point to next peak. This bottom point was defined by discharge cycle thus charging has nothing to do with it. 


Again, you are showing that you simply don't understand what is happening in enough detail to form any coherent view on what is happening. Amount of voltage drop does not define the width of the charging pulse. The amount of time the input voltage (rectified) is above the output voltage (rectified) defines the time of the charging pulse, literally by definition and by any coherent view of how the circuit operates. We have already determined that the average rectified rail voltage will be lower. Guess what, that means that the amount of time the rectified input waveform will be higher that the output increases.


PFC does not work by by extending conduction angle but rather eliminating (shifting) phase between voltage and current to present resistive load to mains. 


I said the LC circuit in the Furman works by extending conduction angle, I did not say that was what PFC in general was. I can't post pictures here, but perhaps this will help you understand it a bit better as this is exactly what an inductor will do in a linear power supply.  The C in the Furman as pointed out earlier, when combined with most audio amplifiers, will be near useless in impacting PF or THD for that matter.

https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/technical-articles/power-factor-thd-why-linear-power-supplies-fail-...
The fact this article shows the inductor in the output circuit is meaningless. It would work exactly the same in the input circuit, obviously with the inductor value adjusted based on the transformer turns ratio.  The L in the Furman absolutely increases power factor in a linear amplifier. It absolutely is power factor correction for a linear amplifier, however, its effectiveness will be highly dependent on amplifier capacitor bank size and odds are it will rarely result in a high power factor.


Based on what you have written here, by understanding of electronics and especially power supplies and power electronics is obviously way more extensive and accurate compared to yours.


Here, maybe you can increase your knowledge so we can have a proper discussion:

https://sound-au.com/lamps/pfc-passive.html#acc

Oh, and P.S., even if your capacitor bank is larger once you hit a practical size, the peak current and the charging waveform starts to look the same.   I will let you figure out why, but this may give you some hints, see section 5.3.

https://sound-au.com/power-supplies.htm

spatialking285 posts11-07-2020 6:07pm"....The "inductor in parallel with the line" term must mean in series with the line, since it is counter productive to put it in across the line, and in parallel means the line is shorting it out.  If they mean something else, then it is not in parallel with the line."

The SoundStageNetwork and Stereophile reviewers (see links above) both state that the inductor is wired in PARALLEL with the AC line. An interesting departure from more modern designs in which series-mode surge suppressors use an inductor wired in series with one leg of the AC line. 


Yeah, I still believe his is marketing wording talking here. 

Given how an inductor works, putting it in parallel with the line is counterproductive.   The word "Parallel" here means connected from Line to Neutral or from input to output with the grid wire shunting it.   Either way, it is counterproductive - in the first case, inductors don't work that way, in the second case, it is effectively out of the circuit path.   

They could, and probably do, use a common mode inductor, which would explain using the word balanced, but the two inductors are still in series with the load, not in parallel with it and definitely not in parallel with the grid line.  The RFI capacitors, MOV's, resistors, GDT's, voltage clamping diodes, will all be across the line. that is, connected from line to neutral.

Reviewers often quote manufacturer's literature in their discussion, so the fact that reviewers state the same thing doesn't mean they verified the claim using standard engineering electrical terminology. 
@audio2design, 
Though I am not conversant with electrical design, I can see you are.
Trying to get through to some members is like 'preaching to the choir'.
Bob
For what it’s worth, I use an RGPC to distribute power to all of my source components including my new LG OLED. The RG plus a Shunyata cable made my old Sony 2K pop with great blacks, etc. Unfortunately, almost unbelievably, this new LG comes with a hard wired ac cable. I’m sure it appreciates the RG to plug into. My power units all plug straight into a dedicated line, but I’d sure like to try a Niagara on them some time.