New to vinyl question

Sounds like it may be "Acoustic Feedback". Isolate the TT from the speakers. Do not have them on the same shelf (table, bench...)  or, do not have the sound from the speaker aimed directly at the TT. Put your TT on a separate platform, shelf or stand than the speakers.

The heavy bass of Hendrix (et al...) is more prone to exciting the area around the TT and creating an acoustic feedback loop, more so than jazz or folk (which typically has less heavy bottom end energy)

Not all records are well engineered, cut and pressed.

Fresh Cream is simply awful.  My copy bought on the day of release is very badly distorted right across the frequency spectrum.  Pity, as it's great music.

I never was a Hendrix fan and don't have any of his recordings.  But I recollect when listening in period the sound was nastily distorted.

If you want well recorded rock music get some early Stones originals, recorded by Decca in the mid-60s when Decca and EMI still cared about SQ.  No problems there.

Get a copy of Little Feat The Last Record Album and play “Long Distance Love”. To assess bass tracking. It has a very strong bass line that should sound undistorted, unlike Cream albums, which while great music, were poorly recorded. And I’m going to stick up for Jimi Hendrix’ records…starting with Axis, they were excellent!  Rainbow Bridge is a great example. 
TBH, your problem sounds most like your VTF is too low, or you have a wad of accumulated dust interfering with groove contact, as JB opined up top. Keep it clean!

The Sphinx III has adjustable gain for the phono stage.  If the Sphinx II also has adjustable gain, I'd check to make sure it is set at low gain.  The high gain setting would be for a LOMC cart.  You may just be overdriving your preamp on the heavy bass passages?  Not the most likely source of your problem, but it sure would be nice if that's all it takes.

Just circling back to say thank you to all who offered suggestions and insight. I adjusted the VTF a bit, which seemed to help slightly. But I've since upgraded the Sphinx to an RP-5 preamp. The whole system really sings now and no distortion on the bass from my turntable. Thanks again to all. Happy listening.