Network optimization for serious streamers


In my ongoing experiments, now going on seven years, with network optimization for streaming I've discovered a number of optimizations that should work with any ethernet ISP.

 

I've tried a variety of ethernet cables, modems, routers, switches, FMC, ethernet filters, the following is what I've found to be most effective optimizations.

 

I'll start with ISP quality and speed. Recently I discovered 500mbps to be preferable to 300mbps. Along with upgrade in speed, modem capable of 1gb service replaced 600mbps, both have Broadcom chips and powered by same lps. Can't say which more responsible for improvement, speed or modem, presume speed has at least some role in ping time. As for ISP, there is importance in ISP server geographic location to you, shorter distances  means lower ping time. For information as to how ping time affects jitter-https://www.fusionconnect.com/speed-test-plus/ping-jitter-test

 

Now for modems,  modem close to audio system is most favorable, extending coax cable preferable to long ethernet cable. Coax more resistant to rfi and closer positioning to system means one can more easily afford top quality ethernet cable for modem to router connection. The modem should use Broadcom chipset vs. inferior Intel Puma, Broadcom chipset has lower jitter vs the Intel. Modem should be powered via external lps using quality DC and AC cables, lps to power conditioner for ultimate performance.

 

Following close positioning of modem to audio system, router should also be placed near modem in service of same advantage of making highest quality ethernet cable more affordable, in this case, modem to router and router to switches, streamers and NAS. Router should be powered with lps, this lps should be able to provide more amps than router requires in service of providing greater reliability, having lps with reserves of amperage means lps runs cooler, heat is enemy of reliability, longevity. As with modem, quality dc, ac cables and connection to power conditioner.

 

The next finding is new to me, provides very meaningful upgrade to streaming sound quality. Noise from wifi, injected both internally to router and externally with routers sitting close to audio systems has long been a concern to me. I have quality Trifield meter which measures rfi, router with operational wifi manufacture obscenely high levels of rfi, rfi is noise, noise is enemy of streaming at level we're talking about here. And its very likely the more wifi devices one has in home the higher the levels of rfi produced. This noise is then injected into following cables and streaming equipment. One may convince themselves FMC totally isolates this noise, and while correct, it doesn't mitigate the noise and masking going on within router. The only way to eliminate this noise is turning off wifi. And then, how to provide wifi for the many  wifi devices we have at home? The answer is to connect a second router to the primary router. The primary router will only provide ethernet for streamers, switches and/or NAS in audio system, also for the second router.  Second router provides wifi for the home, this scheme keeps vast majority of rfi out of audio system streaming chain. My own measurements find rfi significantly diminished in primary router, more than mulitiples of ten times lower vs wifi enabled. This was seamless install with the Netgear routers I'm using. There may also be value in provisioning higher quality routers. My new primary router, Netgear XR1000 is marketed as a gamer router, claims of lower ping time, latency, jitter vs other routers. Since my old router, Netgear RS7000 didn't have means to monitor ping time I can't provide evidence of this claim. Whatever the case, my XR1000 ping time test measurements are as follows, 25.35ms highest, 16.50ms lowest, this is A+ measurements against objective criteria. Ping time under load is download 25.93ms, upload 37.34ms, idle 17.31ms, this rates as A. My speed of 565gbps rates B grade, likely need 1gb service to get A here. At to how this all pertains to sound quality, adding up the upgrade in ISP speed and the off loading of wifi is without a doubt one of the most substantial, if not most substantial network upgrades I've experienced. While I  long considered my setup as having a vanishing low noise floor, with this setup I heard a new level of vanishing if such a thing is possible. Even more astounding was a more analog like presentation, while I wasn't aware of even the slightest digital presentation prior, this upgrade certainly exposed it was indeed there. It seems logical to conclude there has been some lowering of jitter here.

 

And then we come to the ethernet filter. I suppose audiophile switches can be considered as one, then we have actual filters such as Network Acoustics Muon, my JCAT Net XE and others. I continue to believe these necessary even with the all measures above.

 

Optical conversion is also valid approach post router. While I found generic FMC somewhat effective, at this point I prefer ethernet. On the other hand I've not yet tried optimizing a fiber solution, for example two Sonore OpticalModules, both powered by lps, further upgraded with Finisar optical transceivers.

 

Assuming one has high resolving audio and streaming systems the above network optimizations should provide for substantial sound quality improvements. In my system, perception of performers in room has been taken to a new level of intimacy, meaning a more emotional connection to the performers and performance.

 

At this point, I consider network has been fully optimized, the only upgrade I'm aware of would be ISP upgrade to 1gb.

sns

I found the hi end network streaming journey to be more complex than either CD or analog.  Streaming is becoming more plug and play than it was a few years ago when I started researching and planning for a streaming source.  I spent several months studying hi end streaming and visiting a hifi shop to hear DACs and network players.  The choices of configurations, capabilities and brands is bewildering.  I was like a novice all over again stepping into the world of hifi.  I had been using a hi end CD player for the last 15 years.  

I made a plan.  After some starts and redo's I decided that I first wanted to be able to play my CD collection so I wanted a DAC that had expandability, ie. it had to have multiple digital inputs.  I knew then that I wouldn't get a network player because I didn't want redundant DACs.  If I knew then what I know now, I would have bought a network player and skipped the CD transport.  The reason is that after I got my music server and ripped my CD collection to FLAC files.  I find the FLAC file sounds just as good as the CD- with my current USB cable.  And that is compared to my hi end CD Transport into my hi end DAC.  I say that but I also find letting go of my CD player is just as hard as letting go of my land line telephone.  Change is hard.  Plus I would have never known if the FLAC files matched my CD playback without trying it for myself.

Once I got my music server I began studying how best to bring in the ethernet signal.  In the end I found the most effective upgrade was simply putting an optical link between my router and my server.  It was a step change in the sound.  I also played around with different FMC's and found the kind with separate SFP's sound better.  That's it.  (Added LPS's to the FMC's of course).  Then just last week I added a very expensive network bridge.  Compared to the cost of my system it is not much of an add.  After listening for a few days I find this network bridge makes an incremental change for the better.  The bass sounds a bit better and the background in the music is quieter when streaming Qobuz.  How or why, don't know, don't care.  I'm enjoying it.  The optical link is one of the biggest bangs for the buck I have found in streaming.  A couple of hundred dollars in FMC's and Linear Power Supplies goes a long way.

Ok, I throw in one last thought.  Many on these forums demand to understand how cables can sound different, why or how digital data can sound different and so on.  Most of the time discoveries happen by trial and error and then people analyze and research to understand the mechanisms behind the discovery.  The audio industry grew out of these types of pioneers who with almost child like curiosity experimented with their ideas.  Many things we accept today as good audiophile practice were hotly debated topics decades ago.  You won't see gold plated connectors on hi end stereo gear until the late 1980's but by the late 1990's mid fi gear had gold plated connectors too.  Technology advances through innovations and evolution but it has a cost.  The top tier usually leads the way and then the technology trickles down to the lower cost gear.  The first CD players were expensive.  None of us would want to listen to them today.

As Charles mentioned one can make this as complex or simple as one likes. I happen to enjoy complexity and experimentation,this isn't a burden for me, and based on many posts in this thread, not a burden for those folks. Experiential learning  happens to be a favored method for gaining knowledge for many. I don't understand the criticism of us who choose this path, its not like we're proposing objective truths, merely our experiences with a variety of network devices and configurations. In essence we are gathering a sample size in order to determine whether various network devices or configurations are effective or not.

 

I understand some believe networks make little or no difference for streaming sound quality. Others maintain only simple or the least complex setups effective, and others only certain brand or model devices effective. I'm rather agnostic when it comes to other's specific network configurations or devices used. I also hold this view in regard to entire audio systems, I accept that people assemble audio systems for their own pleasure and tastes.

 

I may not agree with other's choices but I'm not going to deride those choices. ASR is a forum for the objectivist, I generally find this forum to be tolerant towards other's choices, observing streaming becoming more contentious over time.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I was speaking with Ric Shultz the other day about streaming. He is working on my Peachtree GAN1 amp which only has SPDIF as the input.

He was stating, like many people, that the digital signal must be clean and noise free otherwise, the signal is degraded. My understanding is that these 1’s and 0’s are created from electrical signals and this electricity can have noise. Now my question on this is does that matter for 1’s and 0’s. Would noise on the circuit make a 1 incorrectly into a 0 and or the other way around.

My layman’s understanding is that it does not matter and that by using fibre (and a FMC in front of fibre) will deliver a noise free bit perfect 1 and 0. So no analog noise gets into the DAC. I am not preaching this, I do not know, but this seems like a plausible explanation.

I am not ready to pay big money for an audiophile switch. They seem to just be repurposed consumer switches in a fancy case with a linear power supply and sometimes clock upgrade. You could probably get the same grade of switch and add your own power supply to it.

Speaking of which.... Christiaan Punter from Hi-Fi Advice in the Netherlands is a very careful reviewer I have been following for years. A recent review of the Lejonklou Kalla network player they suggested the best sounding cheap switch is the grey colored Netgear GS108T v2 (now v3 is available).

https://www.hifi-advice.com/blog/review/digital-reviews/network-player-reviews/lejonklou-kalla-network-player/2/

 

Then there is the Eno and Muon ethernet filters. These seem to be getting genuinely rave reviews, even from respected people like Hans Beekhuyzen. Its possible these noise filters are doing the same job as the optical modules, not letting that high frequency noise pass, but without all the hassle.

https://www.networkacoustics.com/

Interestingly Network Acoustics had their own network switch, the Rubicon (now NLA due to supply chain issues). But on its product page they say after an exhaustive evaluation process the iFi Elite 12v was the best power supply for it, not a linear power supply, or battery supply e.t.c

https://www.networkacoustics.com/shop/rubicon-network-switch/

I mention this because I have come to a similar conclusion. I found my best LPS, the Uptone JS-2, while fantastic on streamers and other hardware, did poorly on my routers and switches. Why? Perhaps the high frequency switching chips in network hardware is too fast for an LPS to provide instant power?