Line fault at the outlet -- do I need an electrician?

If your circuit comes from a sub panel, the 4 V may need you to get an electrician.  I'm not sure what the requirements are, whether 4V is OK, but it does signal higher than necessary resistance, and that means you'll be ever so slightly power constrained.

@Hilde45, when you measured the 4 volt difference between safety ground and the miswired "hot" terminal on the outlets was some or all of the equipment plugged in at the time? If so, I think it would be worthwhile to repeat that measurement with the equipment unplugged. In addition to the possible causes Erik has cited for the 4 volt measurement I’m thinking that applying 120 volts to the neutral of whatever equipment was plugged in could have resulted in AC leakage to ground within the component(s) that might have been responsible.

Jim ( @jea48 ), does that sound plausible to you?

Good luck. Best regards,
-- Al

hilde45 OP283 posts   

03-22-2020   
 12:14pm   

Thanks, Jim. Later today, I will probably try this. Or tomorrow.

Before I proceed -- I want to be clear that so far I have tested multiple outlets on this daisy chain -- they all read as reversed.

I do not yet know how far back they go.

QUESTION: Are you suggesting that I try to *just* deal with the outlet nearest my gear? Or are you saying that I should deal with something at a prior step in the chain (nearer) to the breaker box?

@ hilde45

I had only read this far in your last post:

Thanks, Jim. Later today, I will probably try this. Or tomorrow.

When I then responded Ok.....

I just checked your thread and read the rest of your post.

Before I proceed -- I want to be clear that so far I have tested multiple outlets on this daisy chain -- they all read as reversed.

I do not yet know how far back they go.

Keep checking..... Keep checking the outlets on the circuit as you get closer to the electrical panel you will find the culprit. The chance the problem is in the electrical panel is slim to none, imo.

Jim

Thanks, Erik, almarg, jim — thanks.

So, our house is a mixture of old/DIY and new (renovation); the problem is with the old part of the house.
Almarg — I have not tried measuring with everything on the chain unplugged. I'll do that when possible.
As far as finding the outlet closest to the panel is a bit tricky, as the wire which feeds things disappears into the ceiling and I'm not sure where it goes first. I'm sure where the 3rd, 4th outlets are, but not the 1st, 2nd ones. If the problem was at the panel, that's at least clear. If it's not at the panel, then I suppose I can just *try* what might be outlet #1, first, and see what I find.

I'd love to avoid opening the panel, but from what I gather, this is not so hazardous if I'm only looking.

almarg9,456 posts

03-22-2020
2:11pm

@Hilde45, when you measured the 4 volt difference between safety ground and the miswired "hot" terminal on the outlets was some or all of the equipment plugged in at the time? If so, I think it would be worthwhile to repeat that measurement with the equipment unplugged. In addition to the possible causes Erik has cited for the 4 volt measurement I’m thinking that applying 120 volts to the neutral of whatever equipment was plugged in could have resulted in AC leakage to ground within the component(s) that might have been responsible.

Jim ( @jea48 ), does that sound plausible to you?

I’m thinking that applying 120 volts to the neutral of whatever equipment was plugged in could have resulted in AC leakage to ground within the component(s) that might have been responsible.

Jim ( @jea48 ), does that sound plausible to you?

Al, (almarg), yes I would think that is a possibility too. Any connected load along the entire length of the branch circuit.


Also as I said previously.

1) VD, (Voltage Drop), on the neutral conductor due to the connected load on the branch circuit.

2) An induced voltage that is/may be created by the hot and neutral current carrying conductors onto the equipment grounding conductor.

4Vac would be pretty high in my opinion though.

Here is another possible reason:
IF there was a decent size load connected to the circuit at the time the 4 volts was measured it could be caused by a slightly loose and or corroded neutral connection anywhere from the panel neutral bus connection to the outlet the OP measured the 4 volts.

It would be interesting to know if the other branch circuit the OP measured 124Vac on is fed from the same Line,Leg, as the circuit he is experiencing the problem on. If yes, the 4V could very well be caused by a slightly loose and or corroded neutral wire connection in the branch circuit. That is one of the problems with using the duplex outlets for making the in and out connections for the branch circuit wiring. Though I have seen the same thing happen with a slightly loose and or corroded joint where a cheap hard plastic wirenut was used.


Though none of the above has anything to do with the AC reversed polarity problem the OP is experiencing.

Jim.