Whether a record is damaged by immediate replay has NOTHING to do with heat, and dissipation of heat. I've seen studies on this too. According to the articles on the studies, the stylus deforms the groove, which then snaps back into roughly the original shape elastically. But, it does not fully return to its original shap immediately. When it is deformed (i.e., compressed) out of its normal, "relaxed" state, the vinyl is more brittle. A subsequent pass by the stylus over the more brittle vinyl does damage because the vinyl has less elasticity and so there is a greater tendency for chunks to be gouged out.
But, as Elizabeth noted above, the safe duration is a whole lot shorter than 24 hours.
To do things like set VTA or make other adjustments, I have often done immediate replay with no apparent (apparent to me anyway) damage. So, a wait is more a precaution than anything else. BUT, it is not silly nonsense; there is a reasonable mechanism for damage here.
But, as Elizabeth noted above, the safe duration is a whole lot shorter than 24 hours.
To do things like set VTA or make other adjustments, I have often done immediate replay with no apparent (apparent to me anyway) damage. So, a wait is more a precaution than anything else. BUT, it is not silly nonsense; there is a reasonable mechanism for damage here.